What is God's number in the Bible?
Answered from the commentary of Frederick W. Grant, Frederick William Grant, Numerical Bible Notes and 7 others
The number these authors most often give to God is three, because three is the number of the Persons in the Godhead, Father, Son and Holy Spirit, and so the number of divine fulness. Until three is reached, God is not fully manifested, so three is also the number of manifestation. It is especially the number of the Spirit, who realizes in the creature the counsels of God. It is called "the divine number", and it speaks of divine testimony in all its stability, as seen in the witness of Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Nothing lies beyond the third, which gives the fulness of the Godhead. In the same way, the first three numbers taken together give God in His fulness.
Yet these Three are not three Gods but one, so the number one also belongs to God. Primarily, and very naturally, one speaks of God: it is "the fitting number of God and of the Father", and it declares that God is One, with no other to dispute His sway. The authors find both truths at the start of Scripture. In Genesis 1:1 the name of God is plural and the verb is singular, showing a plural unity. In Deuteronomy 6:4 the very affirmation that God is one guards the truth of the Trinity. The God of Scripture is therefore a triune God, "a trinity in unity". Seven is also called the number of divine perfection, since there is nothing perfect outside what is divine. Six, by contrast, is man's number, which always comes short of it.
Verses: Genesis 1:1, Genesis 2:2, Genesis 2:3, Exodus 20:10, Exodus 20:11, Revelation 1:4, Revelation 4:5, Revelation 5:6, Psalms 12:6, Leviticus 25:4, Joshua 6:4, Matthew 18:21, Matthew 18:22, Leviticus 16:14, Revelation 13:18, Isaiah 6:3, Revelation 4:8, Matthew 28:19, 2 Corinthians 13:14, Deuteronomy 6:4, Mark 12:29, 1 Corinthians 8:6, Ephesians 4:4, Ephesians 4:5, Ephesians 4:6, 1 Timothy 2:5
The above is AI generated summary based on the writers below.
What the commentators say
The passages the answer is drawn from, the most direct first, with the words that bear on the question marked.
One is the number of origin, creation, sufficiency, and so on. It is the fitting number of God and of the Father. Two speaks of help and deliverance from evil. It is the number appropriate to the Son, the Saviour and Deliverer. Three speaks of manifestation and of Him, the Holy Spirit, who is the unfolder of truth. "God is light" (that which manifests), and it is significant that light is composed of a threefold ray. "Three" also suggests resurrection,which is so closely connected with the manifestation of God and His power; also of the sanctuary where His presence is manifested. Four is the earth number — of trial, weakness, and failure. Five is the creation with another coming into it, and suggests in addition to other features, the incarnation of One who embraces in His own blessed person, God and man. It is also the number suggesting responsibility. Six is the number of man's day, the limit of human labor and activity, and therefore of evil so constantly carried on in man's energy. It thus suggests divine restraint and victory over evil. Seven is the rest number. It speaks of completeness, leaving nothing to be added or desired in that sense. It therefore completes the perfect series. Eight, being a fresh beginning, is therefore the number of the new creation. Nine is a multiple of three; it is its square, we may say an intensified three. Ten is a double five, suggesting the two-fold measure of man's responsibility as seen in the two tables of the law, the obedience demanded Godward and manward. Eleven seems to be one short of twelve. Twelve is the great governmental, administrative number — the twelve tribes, twelve apostles, twelve gates, etc. It is the number of Israel's unity as seen in the twelve stones set up in Jordan, and the other twelve brought up and set up in a pillar on its banks the twelve stones in the altar of Elijah; the twelve loaves of showbread, etc.
Three is the number of Persons in the Godhead, — of the divine fullness, therefore, — and until we reach this, God is not fully manifested. It is evidently the number of actualization, realization, manifestation. It is the number of the Spirit, who realizes in the creature the counsels of God.
THREE. Divine fulness or completeness, and hence perfection in testimony. God — Father, Son, and Spirit. This fulness was pleased to dwell in the Son of His love. Col. 1:19. Three times the voice came from heaven respecting the Lord Jesus. Matt. 3:17; Matt. 17:5; John 12:28. The Lord Jesus is Prophet, Priest, and King; Son of God, Son of Man, and Son of David. Three bear witness, the Spirit, the water, and the blood, "and these three agree in one." 1 John 5:7-8. The scriptures, comprising the law, the prophets, and the psalms, bore witness to Christ. Luke 24:44. Faith, hope, and love are elements of christian life here. A three-fold cord is not easily broken (Ecc. 4:12), corresponding to perfection in testimony: three also describes perfected experience. Luke 13:32; Gen. 22:4; Acts 9:9.
1884 172 The flood descended for forty days, which number indicates the period of probation: the nation of Israel was tested forty days, during the giving of the law, and forty years altogether in the wilderness: the Lord was tempted forty days: Canaan was spied forty days: Jonah's warning call to Nineveh forty days. It is composed thus — five is the human number (five fingers, toes, senses, etc.): therefore the number representing human responsibility must be twice five: thus there are two tables of law, and ten commandments: one set of duties to God and another to man. Well, let these ten responsibilities be universally tested (that is, multiply by 4), and the result is forty. But then divine forbearance sometimes prolongs the period of probation in which case it is again multiplied by three, the divine number, bringing us to 120: this is therefore the period through which the long-suffering of God waited during the preaching of Noah. Observe that this testing of things, while it destroys all else, bares up the ark (Gen. 7:18) on its face. Judgment vindicates and exalts Christ and all who are connected with Him.
It is therefore most suggestive that the four narratives of the perfect, unfailing Life should not yield to such a cleavage; but its divisions, if such they may be called, are 3 + 1, rather than 2 x 2. Here indeed we have two numbers, each with special significance: the "three" suggesting a trinity of divine fulness, and the "one" emphasizing the divine all-sufficiency and unity; the combined thought presented in both giving us in the incarnation of the Son of God the fullest presentation we could have.
Add to this one last thing, which still the number covers, that God is One: there is no other; — none to dispute His absolute sway. Here again the old Hebrew creed is that of Nature.
In the first three numbers, thus, we have God in His fullness - Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. God must, if our thoughts are right, take precedence in them of all else, and the display of Himself is what is accomplished and designed in all that follows.
Take the question of numbers and their significance in Scripture. One means unity, three full testimony, five the number of a man, seven perfection, eight resurrection, twelve administration, etc., etc.
Someone may exclaim, There is no end to your imagination if you can see symbolical signification in numbers. But the astronomer, the geologist, the zoologist, the botanist, the naturalist will tell you that certain numbers dominate created things. The planets are governed by laws that are clearly marked by numbers. So with the other departments of knowledge.
Seven is the number denoting Divine perfection. Six is the number denoting the height of human attainment, which must ever come short of perfection.
The seventh day marked the completion and perfection of God's creatorial work. "The seven Spirits which are before His throne" (Rev. 1:4) denote the perfection of the activities of God, the Holy Spirit. Seven was the number of the branches of the Golden Candlestick. Seven was the number of the items that went to furnish the Tabernacle: The Ark The Mercy Seat The Shewbread Table The Golden Candlestick The Brazen Altar The Brazen Laver The Golden Altar of Incense
Six is the highest number below seven, and seven in the symbolism of Scripture stands for spiritual perfection, for complete fullness, which can only be true of what is Divine, or the product of the working of divine power or grace. So we get in Revelation 4:5, “Out of the throne proceeded lightnings and thunderings and voices: and there were seven lamps of fire burning before the throne, which are the seven spirits of God.” It is not that there are seven Spirits of God, there is but One, but seven sets forth the fullness and perfection of His operations.
Verses
- Genesis 1:1In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
- Genesis 2:2–32And God had finished on the seventh day his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made. 3And God blessed the seventh day, and hallowed it, because that on it he rested from all his work which God had created in making it.
- Exodus 20:10–1110but the seventh day is the sabbath of Jehovah thy God thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy bondman, nor thy handmaid, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates. 11For in six days Jehovah made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day; therefore Jehovah blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it.
- Revelation 1:4John to the seven assemblies which [are] in Asia Grace to you and peace from [him] who is, and who was, and who is to come; and from the seven Spirits which [are] before his throne;
- Revelation 4:5And out of the throne go forth lightnings, and voices, and thunders; and seven lamps of fire, burning before the throne, which are the seven Spirits of God;
- Revelation 5:6And I saw in the midst of the throne and of the four living creatures, and in the midst of the elders, a Lamb standing, as slain, having seven horns and seven eyes, which are the seven Spirits of God [which are] sent into all the earth