What does the Bible say about estrangement?

Answered from the commentary of H. J. Vine, Leslie M. Grant, Raymond K. Campbell and 13 others

Estrangement is a painful distance between people, and it should be put right through reconciliation wherever possible. When a brother has wronged you, go to him privately, seeking to gain him and restore the relationship; do not spread the grievance or make vindicating yourself the aim. If you have wronged someone, go promptly in humility and confess; honest confession is often needed for reconciliation. Forgive when there is repentance, and do not keep a hard or unforgiving spirit, for it harms fellowship with the Lord and with one another.

If private appeal fails, do not assume the brother is beyond recovery: seek help from others and, if needed, tell the assembly; if he remains wilful and refuses to hear, treat him as an outsider, while still desiring his restoration. Believers are also warned that criticism, wounded pride, and party spirit can cause quarrels, withdrawal, and strife; peacemaking calls for wisdom, patience, love, and understanding of human weakness. Divisions among believers are condemned as works of the flesh, though one passage says separation may be necessary when it is grounded in holiness and separation from evil. Estrangement from God is on humanity’s side: sin alienated people from God, and believers are reconciled to Him through Christ’s death.

Verses: Genesis 3:23, Genesis 3:24, Genesis 4:12, Genesis 13:7, Genesis 13:8, Genesis 13:9, Genesis 13:10, Genesis 13:11, Genesis 13:12, Genesis 27:41, Genesis 27:42, Genesis 27:43, Genesis 27:44, Genesis 27:45, Genesis 32:3, Genesis 32:4, Genesis 32:5, Genesis 32:6, Genesis 32:7, Genesis 32:8, Genesis 32:9, Genesis 32:10, Genesis 32:11, Genesis 32:12, Genesis 32:13, Genesis 32:14, Genesis 32:15, Genesis 32:16, Genesis 32:17, Genesis 32:18, Genesis 32:19, Genesis 32:20, Genesis 32:21, Genesis 33:1, Genesis 33:2, Genesis 33:3, Genesis 33:4, Genesis 33:5, Genesis 33:6, Genesis 33:7, Genesis 33:8, Genesis 33:9, Genesis 33:10, Genesis 33:11, Genesis 37:18, Genesis 37:19, Genesis 37:20, Genesis 37:21, Genesis 37:22, Genesis 37:23, Genesis 37:24, Genesis 37:25, Genesis 37:26, Genesis 37:27, Genesis 37:28, Genesis 42:21, Genesis 42:22, Genesis 42:23, Genesis 42:24, Genesis 45:1, Genesis 45:2, Genesis 45:3, Genesis 45:4, Genesis 45:5, Genesis 45:6, Genesis 45:7, Genesis 45:8, Genesis 45:9, Genesis 45:10, Genesis 45:11, Genesis 45:12, Genesis 45:13, Genesis 45:14, Genesis 45:15, Exodus 2:15, Exodus 18:2, Exodus 18:3, Exodus 18:4, Leviticus 19:17, Leviticus 19:18, Deuteronomy 24:1, Deuteronomy 24:2, Deuteronomy 24:3, Deuteronomy 24:4, 1 Samuel 20:30, 1 Samuel 20:31, 1 Samuel 20:32, 1 Samuel 20:33, 1 Samuel 20:34, 1 Samuel 20:35, 1 Samuel 20:36, 1 Samuel 20:37, 1 Samuel 20:38, 1 Samuel 20:39, 1 Samuel 20:40, 1 Samuel 20:41, 1 Samuel 20:42, 2 Samuel 13:22, 2 Samuel 13:23, 2 Samuel 13:24, 2 Samuel 13:25, 2 Samuel 13:26, 2 Samuel 13:27, 2 Samuel 13:28, 2 Samuel 13:29, 2 Samuel 13:30, 2 Samuel 13:31, 2 Samuel 13:32, 2 Samuel 13:33, 2 Samuel 13:34, 2 Samuel 13:35, 2 Samuel 13:36, 2 Samuel 13:37, 2 Samuel 13:38, 2 Samuel 13:39, 2 Samuel 14:1, 2 Samuel 14:2, 2 Samuel 14:3, 2 Samuel 14:4, 2 Samuel 14:5, 2 Samuel 14:6, 2 Samuel 14:7, 2 Samuel 14:8, 2 Samuel 14:9, 2 Samuel 14:10, 2 Samuel 14:11, 2 Samuel 14:12, 2 Samuel 14:13, 2 Samuel 14:14, 2 Samuel 14:15, 2 Samuel 14:16, 2 Samuel 14:17, 2 Samuel 14:18, 2 Samuel 14:19, 2 Samuel 14:20, 2 Samuel 14:21, 2 Samuel 14:22, 2 Samuel 14:23, 2 Samuel 14:24, 2 Samuel 14:28, 2 Samuel 14:29, 2 Samuel 14:30, 2 Samuel 14:31, 2 Samuel 14:32, 2 Samuel 14:33, 2 Samuel 15:13, 2 Samuel 15:14, 2 Samuel 15:15, 2 Samuel 15:16, 2 Samuel 15:17, 2 Samuel 15:18, 2 Samuel 15:19, 2 Samuel 15:20, 2 Samuel 15:21, 2 Samuel 15:22, 2 Samuel 15:23, 2 Samuel 15:24, 2 Samuel 15:25, 2 Samuel 15:26, 2 Samuel 15:27, 2 Samuel 15:28, 2 Samuel 15:29, 2 Samuel 15:30, 2 Samuel 19:9, 2 Samuel 19:10, 2 Samuel 19:11, 2 Samuel 19:12, 2 Samuel 19:13, 2 Samuel 19:14, 2 Samuel 19:15, Psalms 27:10, Psalms 38:11, Psalms 41:9, Psalms 55:12, Psalms 55:13, Psalms 55:14, Psalms 68:5, Psalms 68:6, Psalms 88:8, Psalms 88:18, Psalms 94:14, Proverbs 17:9, Proverbs 18:19, Proverbs 19:11, Proverbs 25:17, Proverbs 27:6, Proverbs 27:10, Proverbs 28:13, Isaiah 53:3, Isaiah 59:2, Isaiah 61:1, Jeremiah 3:12, Jeremiah 3:13, Jeremiah 3:14, Jeremiah 31:31, Jeremiah 31:32, Jeremiah 31:33, Jeremiah 31:34, Ezekiel 11:16, Ezekiel 11:17, Ezekiel 11:18, Ezekiel 11:19, Ezekiel 11:20, Micah 7:5, Micah 7:6, Micah 7:7, Matthew 5:23, Matthew 5:24, Matthew 5:44, Matthew 5:45, Matthew 18:15, Matthew 18:16, Matthew 18:17, Matthew 18:21, Matthew 18:22, Matthew 18:23, Matthew 18:24, Matthew 18:25, Matthew 18:26, Matthew 18:27, Matthew 18:28, Matthew 18:29, Matthew 18:30, Matthew 18:31, Matthew 18:32, Matthew 18:33, Matthew 18:34, Matthew 18:35, Matthew 19:6, Luke 6:27, Luke 6:28, Luke 6:29, Luke 6:30, Luke 6:31, Luke 6:32, Luke 6:33, Luke 6:34, Luke 6:35, Luke 6:36, Luke 15:11, Luke 15:12, Luke 15:13, Luke 15:14, Luke 15:15, Luke 15:16, Luke 15:17, Luke 15:18, Luke 15:19, Luke 15:20, Luke 15:21, Luke 15:22, Luke 15:23, Luke 15:24, Luke 15:25, Luke 15:26, Luke 15:27, Luke 15:28, Luke 15:29, Luke 15:30, Luke 15:31, Luke 15:32, Luke 17:3, Luke 17:4, Luke 19:10, John 1:11, John 1:12, John 3:16, John 14:18, John 15:12, John 15:13, John 15:14, John 15:15, John 15:16, John 15:17, Romans 5:6, Romans 5:7, Romans 5:8, Romans 5:9, Romans 5:10, Romans 5:11, Romans 8:31, Romans 8:32, Romans 8:33, Romans 8:34, Romans 8:35, Romans 8:36, Romans 8:37, Romans 8:38, Romans 8:39, Romans 12:9, Romans 12:10, Romans 12:11, Romans 12:12, Romans 12:13, Romans 12:14, Romans 12:15, Romans 12:16, Romans 12:17, Romans 12:18, Romans 12:19, Romans 12:20, Romans 12:21, Romans 14:1, Romans 14:2, Romans 14:3, Romans 14:4, Romans 15:5, Romans 15:6, Romans 15:7, 1 Corinthians 5:1, 1 Corinthians 5:2, 1 Corinthians 5:3, 1 Corinthians 5:4, 1 Corinthians 5:5, 1 Corinthians 7:10, 1 Corinthians 7:11, 1 Corinthians 7:12, 1 Corinthians 7:13, 1 Corinthians 7:14, 1 Corinthians 7:15, 1 Corinthians 7:16, 1 Corinthians 12:12, 1 Corinthians 12:13, 1 Corinthians 12:14, 1 Corinthians 12:15, 1 Corinthians 12:16, 1 Corinthians 12:17, 1 Corinthians 12:18, 1 Corinthians 12:19, 1 Corinthians 12:20, 1 Corinthians 12:21, 1 Corinthians 12:22, 1 Corinthians 12:23, 1 Corinthians 12:24, 1 Corinthians 12:25, 1 Corinthians 12:26, 1 Corinthians 12:27, 1 Corinthians 13:4, 1 Corinthians 13:5, 1 Corinthians 13:6, 1 Corinthians 13:7, 2 Corinthians 2:5, 2 Corinthians 2:6, 2 Corinthians 2:7, 2 Corinthians 2:8, 2 Corinthians 2:9, 2 Corinthians 2:10, 2 Corinthians 2:11, 2 Corinthians 5:17, 2 Corinthians 5:18, 2 Corinthians 5:19, 2 Corinthians 5:20, 2 Corinthians 5:21, Galatians 3:26, Galatians 3:27, Galatians 3:28, Galatians 5:13, Galatians 5:14, Galatians 5:15, Ephesians 2:11, Ephesians 2:12, Ephesians 2:13, Ephesians 2:14, Ephesians 2:15, Ephesians 2:16, Ephesians 2:17, Ephesians 2:18, Ephesians 2:19, Ephesians 2:20, Ephesians 2:21, Ephesians 2:22, Ephesians 4:1, Ephesians 4:2, Ephesians 4:3, Ephesians 4:25, Ephesians 4:26, Ephesians 4:27, Ephesians 4:28, Ephesians 4:29, Ephesians 4:30, Ephesians 4:31, Ephesians 4:32, Ephesians 5:21, Ephesians 5:22, Ephesians 5:23, Ephesians 5:24, Ephesians 5:25, Ephesians 5:26, Ephesians 5:27, Ephesians 5:28, Ephesians 5:29, Ephesians 5:30, Ephesians 5:31, Ephesians 5:32, Ephesians 5:33, Ephesians 6:1, Ephesians 6:2, Ephesians 6:3, Ephesians 6:4, Philippians 2:1, Philippians 2:2, Philippians 2:3, Philippians 2:4, Colossians 1:19, Colossians 1:20, Colossians 1:21, Colossians 1:22, Colossians 3:12, Colossians 3:13, Colossians 3:14, Colossians 3:15, 1 Thessalonians 5:14, 1 Thessalonians 5:15, 2 Thessalonians 3:14, 2 Thessalonians 3:15, Philemon 1:10, Philemon 1:11, Philemon 1:12, Philemon 1:13, Philemon 1:14, Philemon 1:15, Philemon 1:16, Philemon 1:17, Philemon 1:18, Hebrews 10:24, Hebrews 10:25, Hebrews 12:14, Hebrews 12:15, James 4:4, James 4:5, James 4:6, James 4:7, James 4:8, James 4:9, James 4:10, 1 Peter 3:8, 1 Peter 3:9, 1 John 1:6, 1 John 1:7, 1 John 1:8, 1 John 1:9, 1 John 2:9, 1 John 2:10, 1 John 2:11, 1 John 3:14, 1 John 3:15, 1 John 3:16, 1 John 3:17, 1 John 3:18, 1 John 4:7, 1 John 4:8, 1 John 4:9, 1 John 4:10, 1 John 4:11, 1 John 4:12, 1 John 4:19, 1 John 4:20, 1 John 4:21

The above is AI generated summary based on the writers below.

What the commentators say

The passages the answer is drawn from, the most direct first, with the words that bear on the question marked.

H. J. VineRevelation and Reconciliation

Even that proud monarch Herod, and that representative of Rome, Pilate, the governor, who were at enmity before, were reconciled at the base rejection of Jesus. What shall mark those who are accepted in His eternal acceptance before God? “Go, be reconciled to thy brother” (Matt. 5:24). Has unnecessary estrangement came in between wife and husband? Let her “be reconciled to her husband” (1 Cor. 7:11). Has alienation troubled members of a family where Christ is owned as Lord? Surely the sweetness of reconciliation will be solicited and secured where God’s grace is experimentally rejoiced in. How good is the rich blessing of the reconciliation which is of God!— Sinners, at enmity once, now reconciled to God Himself.

Truth & TestimonyVolume 3 - 9

It cannot be pleasing to God if we come before Him in worship without having first put our relationship with our brother in order. How easily relationships can be broken! Perhaps it was only a misunderstanding, or I may have deliberately hurt a child of God, a brother or sister. Anyway, he or she has something against me. The Lord says in this case, “Go.”

The disturbed relationship between believers can only be put in order again by reconciliation and this is unlikely to be achieved without an honest confession. Only then can brotherly love flow again freely. Our fellowship with our God and Father is then restored as well: “And then come and offer thy gift.”

Arend Remmers"The Sermon on the Mount"

It cannot be pleasing to God if we come before Him in worship without having first put our relationship with our brother in order. How easily relationships can be broken! Perhaps it was only a misunderstanding, or I may have deliberately hurt a child of God, a brother or sister. Anyway, he or she has something against me. The Lord says in this case, "Go."

The disturbed relationship between believers can only be put in order again by reconciliation and this is unlikely to be achieved without an honest confession. Only then can brotherly love flow again freely. Our fellowship with our God and Father is then restored as well: "And then come and offer thy gift."

Leslie M. GrantComments on the Book of Genesis

Now he must meet Esau, and with a servility that is not becoming to a brother, he bows himself seven times to the ground (v.3). Of course it was conscience and fear that made him do this, but Esau had no such attitude. He ran to meet his brother, embraced him and kissed him. Then both of them wept. Time had made a difference with Esau particularly. What a relief for Jacob! Indeed, family feuds should never be allowed to continue long without a reconciliation. Only an unusually hard heart could maintain bitter rancor against a brother for long years.

L. M. GrantGenesis. Section 2, (Gen. 26 - end)

Now he must meet Esau, and with a servility that is not becoming to a brother, he bows himself seven times to the ground (v. 3). Of course it was conscience and fear that made him do this, but Esau had no such attitude. He ran to meet his brother, embraced him and kissed him. Then both of them wept. Time had made a difference with Esau particularly. What a relief for Jacob! Indeed, family feuds should never be allowed to continue long without a reconciliation. Only an unusually hard heart could maintain bitter rancor against a brother for long years.

The Christian's FriendBrotherly Care and Personal Trespass

But there is another danger, into which, if not very watchful, any one of us might very easily fall. I might go to the brother who has trespassed against me, not so much with a desire to "gain" him as to satisfy my own conscience, in a hard, legal way, that I have acted scripturally toward him. Suppose such a case. I go and "tell him his fault;" but instead of finding him hard and unrepentant, he is thoroughly broken down. He freely owns that he has trespassed against me, and shows every sign of genuine contrition. But what follows? Alas' I am more concerned about the injury which I have sustained than I am for my brother's restoration to happy fellowship with me. The pangs of wounded pride spur me on, and I make it but sadly too manifest that I would prefer my brother getting the discipline of the unrepentant, rather than the forgiveness of the repentant. Grace has wrought in him, but not in me, and in my heart I do not forgive him.

A. J. PollockShould We Forgive?

The attitude of the injured one should be that of forgiveness—a forgiveness forthcoming the moment repentance takes place. The attitude of the injurer should be that of repentance.

F. B. HolePhilemon

Knowing what fearful damage to the fair name of Christ is wrought amongst God's people in connection with similar episodes we feel as if we could not sufficiently stress this important Epistle. It inculcates: As to the offending party, a return in all humility to the one offended with confession and an acknowledgement of his rights as to restitution. As to the offended party, the reception of the repentant offender in grace with the fullest possible acknowledgement of all that God has wrought in him; whether it be through conversion as in the case of Onesimus, or through restoration as might be the case with many of ourselves. As to the mediating party, an absence of anything approaching a dictatorial spirit, coupled with ardent love for both the offended and the offender, expressing itself in entreaties marked by courtesy and tact.

Robert F. WallMaintaining Relationships in the Local Assembly

The words ‘reprove him between thee and him alone’ are also important. We are not to broadcast what has happened, or to seek to rally others to ‘our cause’. Such actions are most unhelpful. There is to be a private face to face meeting between the two brothers concerned, with no others present. The sin involved is to be made clear and the fact that real damage has been done to their relationship. It should also be apparent by the spirit in which the whole matter is taken up that one really does want to ‘gain’ one’s brother and is ready to forgive what has been done. This is not something done only because the Lord says it must be done. There is a genuine desire that the relationship may be restored and to that end things are pursued prayerfully in dependence on the Lord and in the grace that He supplies.

Robert F. WallMaintaining Relationships in the Local Assembly

The words ‘reprove him between thee and him alone’ are also important. We are not to broadcast what has happened, or to seek to rally others to ‘our cause.’ Such actions are most unhelpful. There is to be a private face to face meeting between the two brothers concerned, with no others present. The sin involved is to be made clear and the fact that real damage has been done to their relationship. It should also be apparent by the spirit in which the whole matter is taken up that one really does want to ‘gain’ one’s brother and is ready to forgive what has been done. This is not something done only because the Lord says it must be done. There is a genuine desire that the relationship may be restored and to that end things are pursued prayerfully in dependence on the Lord and in the grace that He supplies.

Verses

  • Genesis 3:23–2423Therefore Jehovah Elohim sent him forth from the garden of Eden, to till the ground from which he was taken. 24And he drove out Man; and he set the Cherubim, and the flame of the flashing sword, toward the east of the garden of Eden, to guard the way to the tree of life.
  • Genesis 4:12When thou tillest the ground, it shall not henceforth yield thee its strength; a wanderer and fugitive shalt thou be on the earth.
  • Genesis 13:7–127And there was strife between the herdsmen of Abram's cattle and the herdsmen of Lot's cattle. And the Canaanite and the Perizzite were dwelling then in the land. 8And Abram said to Lot, I pray thee let there be no contention between me and thee, and between my herdsmen and thy herdsmen, for we are brethren. 9Is not the whole land before thee? Separate thyself, I pray thee, from me if to the left, then I will take the right; and if to the right, then I will take the left. 10And Lot lifted up his eyes, and beheld all the plain of the Jordan that it was thoroughly watered, before Jehovah had destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah; as the garden of Jehovah, like the land of Egypt, as one goes to Zoar. 11And Lot chose for himself all the plain of the Jordan; and Lot went toward the east. And they separated the one from the other 12Abram dwelt in the land of Canaan; and Lot dwelt in the cities of the plain, and pitched tents as far as Sodom.