His mouth is most sweet, and he is altogether desirable. This is my beloved and this is my friend, O daughters of Jerusalem.
The women of Jerusalem have challenged the bride to say what makes her beloved different from anyone else. Verse 16 ends her long answer. She runs through His features, gives up, and sums Him up in one phrase.
"His mouth is most sweet"
One writer ties this last feature to kindness she has tasted herself:
Andrew Miller"His mouth is most sweet." She has already spoken of His lips, so this feature may point to something other than words. It seems to point above all to the grace of Jesus — to the expressions of His kindness, His communications, His friendships. The bride has often tasted His grace, so she could say from experience, "His mouth is most sweet." He meets her with grace and kindness, even after failure. That alone is enough to impress her heart forever with the sweetness of her Lord's grace.
Commentators differ here. Others take the mouth to stand for the kiss rather than for speech. The phrase then shows "the sweetness of the love of Christ" (Hamilton Smith).
Where description runs out
The ESV has "altogether desirable"; the commentators quote an older wording, "altogether lovely." Either way, it is not one more item on the list. It is what she says when the list defeats her.
Andrew MillerLanguage fails her. She is unable to say all that He is. So she closes the description with, "He is altogether lovely." As if she had said, "All loveliness dwells in Him. All that is desirable is found in Him. Every unnamed beauty belongs to Him. In Him dwells all the fullness of the Godhead and all the graces of manhood. He is lovely in His humiliation, lovely in His exaltation, yes, He is altogether lovely."
Beauty that does not decay
Her picture of Him is gold from head to foot. Set that beside another famous image made of metal:
Hamilton Smith"He is altogether lovely." In Christ we have a perfect object, One who is altogether lovely. Here the heart can rest with satisfaction. In Daniel's image the head was of fine gold, but the toes were of iron and clay. Here the Bridegroom's head is like fine gold, and His legs of marble rest on bases of fine gold. In the Beloved there is no deterioration.
More than a clean record
Scripture can praise a man's looks without praising the man:
An Outline of Sound WordsNatural beauty can appear in a person whose violence and corruption are most pronounced. We read, "Now in all Israel there was no one so much to be praised for his handsome appearance as Absalom. From the sole of his foot to the crown of his head there was no blemish in him" (2 Samuel 14:25). In the Beloved there was not only the absence of blemishes — He is altogether lovely. However fine a man may be, bring him into the presence of the One who is altogether lovely, and his best qualities feel debased and impure.
"This is my beloved"
The two possessive words at the end carry more weight than the whole description before them.
Andrew MillerBut is not the last note of this lovely song the richest and sweetest of all? "My beloved… my friend." Some may say, "What a description this is!" But what a conclusion this is! He Himself is mine… Thrones, crowns, sceptres, kingdoms, glories, blessedness are His, and the believer's in Him. But after all, these are not Himself. What would all these things be worth without the Person of the Beloved?
"And this is my friend"
She claims a friendship she did not start. The love came the other way first:
An Outline of Sound WordsHowever solemn and great the failure of the saints, there is indeed love for Christ in their hearts; but this love did not begin with them. "We love Him, because He first loved us." He has made us His friends. "Greater love has no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends." We prove that we are His friends by obeying His word.
What speaking of Him does to her
Asked to defend Him, she never mentions what she has received:
J. A. TrenchShe answers, "He is the chief among ten thousand." Then she goes on to tell, not of the blessings she has received from Him, nor even of His interest in her, but of all His own varied attractions. At last she says, "He is altogether lovely!"
Speaking of Him also does something to her own heart:
Hamilton SmithThis lovely description is another step in the awakening of love. As the bride unfolds the perfections of the Bridegroom to others, her heart is taken up with Himself and His glories, and is stirred again to its depths. Telling others of the glories and perfections of Christ will most surely rekindle one's own affections for Christ.
Summary
- Sweet — the last feature she names is His mouth: grace and kindness that meet her even after failure.
- Full — "altogether lovely" is where description gives out. In Him dwells all the fullness of the Godhead and all the graces of manhood.
- Flawless — Daniel's image had a head of gold and toes of clay. In Him there is no such decline, and unlike Absalom, His beauty is more than a clean surface.
- Mine — "my beloved… my friend" is the richest note in the song. Thrones and glories are not Himself, and it is Himself she has.
- Overflowing — she answers with His attractions, not her benefits. Telling others of His perfections rekindles her own love.