I am a rose of Sharon, a lily of the valleys.
Song of Solomon 2:1 · ESVView all translations

The chapter opens with one short line: a flower named, a valley named. Everything turns on whose voice it is. Read one way, it is Christ describing Himself. Read another way, it is the bride telling Him what His grace has made her.

Whose Voice Speaks

Many writers have taken these words as the Bridegroom's own. The next verse points the other way.

Many good and learned men have thought that in the first verse we have the voice of the Bridegroom, not of the bride. And many, sadly, have written a great deal, yet were taken up with the flowers more than with the persons. But surely in the second verse the Bridegroom owns the speaker of the first verse as His loved one. He says, "As the lily among thorns, so is my love among the daughters." All agree that this is the voice of the Beloved.

Andrew Miller

Commentators differ. Others hear Christ describing Himself:

The rose in its beauty, the lily in all its hidden perfectness — it is Jesus. The moment those who know Him have Him set before their souls, their hearts go out to Him. What draws them is the thought of all that He has been and is to them.

J. A. Trench

A Modest Flower, Not a Showy One

Translators differ over the flower named here. Some read "rose," others "narcissus" — and older versions say "the rose" where the ESV has "a rose."

"I am the rose" — or narcissus, most probably — not exactly the rose... The rose is above all the flower of beauty and fragrance. I do not think that is exactly the language she would use. If He had called her so, I could understand it. But the narcissus is nothing like the rose. So one can understand that she does not pretend to be more than she was. She takes a humble place. It is not in some conspicuous place as yet. She is going to be in the place of glory by and by.

William Kelly

From "Black" to "the Lily"

Earlier in the Song she called herself dark as the tents of Kedar. Grace has since taught her to speak of herself in a very different way.

Only a little while ago the bride was confessing, "I am black… black as the tents of Kedar." Now, through grace, she can say — and say truthfully, without doubting — "I am the rose of Sharon, and the lily of the valleys." She is the very crown and ornament of Sharon, the very beauty and sweetness of the valleys. She is not boasting to others about what she is. She is speaking to Him directly, happily conscious of her own place in His heart.

Andrew Miller

Some hear such language and feel it claims too much.

Many say, when they hear such truth, "Oh, I am not worthy of such a place." Quite true, if you speak of your own worthiness. But what place do you think you are worthy of? A lesser one? Is that humility? No, friend, it is pride of heart. We are worthy of no place at all in His presence. So any place there must be pure, sovereign grace.

Andrew Miller

Lilies Made Out of Thorns

He answers her in the next verse, and His picture shows where such beauty comes from.

This shows us beyond question that the lily is His loved one. Compared with the unsaved around her, she is like a lily among thorns. What a contrast between a lily and thorns! But it is all the work of His grace, which has taken poor thorny sinners and turned them into sweet lilies of the valley.

Various

Where the Lily Grows

She names where she grows, and the place matters as much as the flower.

Notice carefully, my soul, that she says, "I am the lily of the valleys" — not of the cities. In the quiet valley she finds her native soil and breathes her native air. There she blooms, for the eye of her Beloved, and gives out her fragrance for His refreshment... It was in the city that she lost the joys of His presence; and there the watchmen insulted her and stripped off her veil. Those were her wandering, backsliding moments.

Andrew Miller

Spring Flowers with Summer Ahead

Both plants belong to one season, and that timing carries the hope of the verse.

The lily of the valleys grew in lowly places, out of sight, and the one who valued it had to seek it out. But these were spring flowers, and the fragrant hope of spring was in them. As they bloomed in the valleys they told of a time when the summer's glory would crown the hills. They pictured the beginnings of love. But they also pointed forward to the marriage day, when love would come to its fullness.

J. T. Mawson

Summary

- Grace speaks. The one who called herself black now names herself a flower, sure of her place in His heart.

- Grace humbles. A field narcissus and a hidden lily are modest flowers; she claims no more than she is, and glory is still ahead.

- Grace transforms. His answer places a lily among thorns — the difference is His work, not her merit.

- Grace hides. She blooms out of sight in the valley, for His eye. The city is where she lost the joy of His presence.

- Grace ripens. These are spring flowers, and spring promises summer: the marriage day, when love reaches its fullness.

Reviewed by Orion on August 26, 2026