then he opens the ears of men and terrifies them with warnings,
Elihu has told Job that God is greater than man, yet God is not silent — He speaks again and again, and man does not notice. Verse 16 is the turning point: God Himself opens the ear, and He does it for a reason.
Man's deafness, not God's silence
God is not the one who is silent. Man's own will carries him along, and grace has to break in. One writer sees this verse as the first work of God in a person who does not yet know Him:
William KellyHere Elihu rightly begins at the beginning. He starts with the first work of God in the man who does not know Him. It is grace working to wake up a soul that is not yet converted... This is exactly what marks out God's mercy when He appeals to the man who is not converted. His own will carries him away. But God knows how to bend it or break it.
Whose ears
The verse says "men," not "believers." The same writer presses that word, and adds that believers are not left out either:
William Kelly"Then he opens the ears of men" (verse 16). That is what this chapter shows. It does not say "believing" men; it is any man, so that he may believe. Yet we do not always behave as believers. When that happens, we may get a little word that simply shows us where we are — that we are "walking as men," as the apostle said.
Instruction sealed on the heart
The ESV ends verse 16 with a warning; older translations, which these writers quote, read "and seals their instruction." To seal something is to fix it in place so it cannot be lost. When the light of day is gone, God presses the lesson home, and it reaches deeper than behaviour:
Samuel RidoutElihu makes it plain that God does speak to man in this way. When the light of nature is gone, when all is silent, He speaks in "a still small voice" and makes His mind known. In this way He seals the instruction on the heart of man. His aim is to correct wrong thoughts and actions, to draw man back from "mischief," or from his own purpose, and to hide pride from man. The word for man here is geber, the hero or mighty man. This goes deeper than what a man does, for pride hides in the heart, and God would hide that pride from him — He keeps it from ruling him.
Dreams today
Commentators differ here. Some say God spoke this way before the Bible was finished, and does not now:
Arno Clemens GaebeleinWhen there was no Bible, no written revelation of God, God spoke to individuals by dreams and visions. He does not do so any longer, for we have His finished Word, which makes His will known to us.
Others allow that God still does so, while ranking it far below the written Word:
F. B. HoleHe may speak in a dream or a vision. Scripture records that He has often done so, and He clearly still does. It happens most with simple believers who know little of the Bible, and who may not even have much of it in their own language. Where believers have the Bible to teach them — a better kind of guidance — dreams in which God speaks are rare by comparison. And if God does speak to a man in a dream, what is it for? To change his course, and to humble his pride into the dust.
The test to apply
The next verse says what the opened ear is for. That gives a test for anything that comes in the night:
Leslie M. GrantWhen God sends people dreams, He "opens the ears of men, and seals their instruction" (v.16). This is not to flatter man's pride, but the very opposite: "to turn man from his deed, and conceal pride from man" (v.17). In other words, if a dream is a warning against what I may be inclined to do, or if it humbles me, then I should take it to heart.
When the noise stops
Sleep is not the only silence God uses. Illness empties the calendar, and the same opening of the ear follows:
F. B. HoleThen, too, "sickness" comes and strikes many. It stops all activity. The whirl of busy life gives way to the quiet of a bed of pain. This has done good to thousands. Then, "He opens the ears of men, and seals their instruction" (Job 33:16). In the quiet they learn how worthless their own efforts are, and where they can find true peace.
Summary
- Deaf, not unaddressed. God speaks once and twice. The failure is in man's hearing. His first work is in the person who does not yet know Him.
- He opens. The ear does not open itself — and the "men" here are any men, so that they may believe, not only those who already do.
- He seals. He fastens the lesson on the heart. He aims past conduct at the pride hidden underneath.
- He quiets. Sleep and a bed of pain stop the whirl of activity. In the quiet, a man sees what his own efforts are worth.
- He humbles. Commentators differ on whether God still uses dreams. They agree on the purpose: what turns you from your course and humbles your pride is worth taking to heart.