For he knows worthless men; when he sees iniquity, will he not consider it?
Job 11:11 comes from Zophar's first speech, and what he says about God's sight is true — yet he aims it at a man God Himself had called righteous. The question is not whether God sees, but who has the right to say what He is seeing.
The speaker
The three friends each argue the same case in a different key, and Zophar's key is the harshest.
Samuel RidoutMany have thought, and it is likely, that Zophar was the youngest of the three friends. He speaks last. His speech has the same general character as the other two, but it is more intense. He lacks the dignity of Eliphaz and the reasoning skill of Bildad. You could say he makes up in force what he lacks in reason, and this leads him into harshness and brutal rudeness, badly suited to soothe the sore spirit of the sufferer. Besides this, he fails, as the others do, to explain the dark riddle of Job's trouble. His theory that suffering comes from sins committed only pushes the already distracted man deeper into the darkness.
The truth in the words
Taken on its own, the statement about God's sight is one nobody can argue with.
Samuel RidoutWe can only bow to the truth that God is the searcher of hearts, and that nothing can escape His all-seeing eye. He knows the empty vanity of the natural man's heart. By birth that man is like a wild ass's colt. He must be born again if he is to know God truly.
Right words, wrong target
Zophar's material was sound. The fault lay in where he pointed it, and in what he missed about Job.
William KellyZophar says some things that are very excellent — properly applied... "For he knows worthless men; when he sees iniquity, will he not consider it?" All these are insinuations against Job... Since the fall, that is man's condition. Sometimes his acts can only be compared to those of a beast — uncontrollable, like a wild ass. Sometimes they are like those of a savage beast that consumes and destroys everything before it, like a lion or a bear... It was not a question of iniquity, but of God dealing with Job's satisfaction with himself. Job was a truly pious, God-fearing man, but he had a high idea of his own character. That is what no soul should ever allow.
How the accusation worked
Set the verse beside the one before it and Zophar's argument closes into a circle. No one can stop God when He judges. God sees wickedness. So Job's suffering must prove the wickedness. One writer, quoting an older translation that reads "deceitful men," traces the move:
Leslie M. GrantZophar continues to speak in verse 10: "If He passes by, and shuts up, and calls to judgment, who can hinder Him?" This is worth considering. No one can thwart the judgment of God when it comes. Of course, when Zophar spoke this way, he thought God was judging Job — which was not the case... So Zophar implied that Job was both deceitful and wicked. His proof was that God had looked at Job's state and was judging him for it.
Why the charge collapses
The book has already told the reader what none of the friends knew. That is why the verdict Zophar builds on this verse fails from the start.
George DavisonZophar, like the other two, had been trying to persuade Job that God was dealing with him because of some secret sin. But we know from the start of this book that God had said Job was righteous. That is the opposite of this materialist's conclusion.
Where the verse lands on us
The words Zophar used as a weapon describe a condition he shared. What he missed about himself is what makes the verse useful today.
F. B. HoleIt is indeed true that man cannot by his searching find out God. It is just as true that sinful man is "vain," or "empty," or "senseless," and is born like "a wild ass's colt." Zophar clearly felt that Job needed to see these things. He had little sense of how they applied to himself. If the men of this twentieth century recognised them, it would puncture their inflated pride. They may find out means of destroying human lives by the hundred thousand, but they cannot find out God. He can only be found in Christ, who has revealed Him.
Summary
- Speaker — Zophar is the fiercest of the three friends. He makes up in force what he lacks in reason, and his roughness only deepens Job's pain.
- Truth — the words themselves stand. God searches hearts, nothing escapes His eye, and He knows the emptiness of the natural heart.
- Twist — Kelly notes the words are excellent when rightly applied. Here they are hints aimed at one man, whose real issue was not iniquity but self-satisfaction.
- Verdict — Zophar treats Job's suffering as proof of hidden wickedness. But the book has already recorded God's own opposite view of Job.
- Remedy — the emptiness the verse names belongs to all of us. No one can search God out. We find Him only in Christ, who has revealed Him.