But deal loyally with the sons of Barzillai the Gileadite, and let them be among those who eat at your table, for with such loyalty they met me when I fled from Absalom your brother.
1 Kings 2:7 · ESVView all translations

Most of David's last words to Solomon deal with justice — a murderer to punish, a man who cursed the king to judge. Why does one family stand in the middle of that list, marked out for kindness because of what their father did on the day the king fled?

Grace set inside a charge of righteousness

Listen to the order of David's dying charge. The tone softens for a moment, then hardens again.

We listen eagerly for the last words of "the anointed of God". We hear him dealing out stern justice to Joab, the murderer of the two captains of the army of Israel... Then the voice seems to change to the softness of grace as he speaks of the sons of Barzillai. And on the other side of this apparent aside, we hear righteousness again. It pronounces the fate of the man who cursed God's king and disobeyed the king's command. Often the great deeds of life pass before the memory of those who are leaving it. But here is one who thinks of the injustice done to others, and of the kindness shown to himself by comparative strangers.

The Christian's Friend

David knew what a reign of righteousness needed, even though his own life kept failing to hold the two together.

David, who represents grace, understood what was appropriate to a reign of righteousness. If there were no righteousness, grace itself would be nothing but guilty weakness. As a man, David had shown himself very little able to give each of these qualities its rightful place. Many times we find him too weak to carry out righteousness, as in the case of Joab, or we find him showing grace at the expense of righteousness. God alone has found, in Christ, the way to reconcile these two things: His perfect hatred for sin and His perfect love for the sinner.

H. L. Rossier

What Barzillai did

The verse points back to a single act: supplies carried to a hunted king when his cause looked lost. Nobody ordered it.

At this point David's fortunes were at their lowest. Shobi, Machir and Barzillai declared themselves on his side. They met him and his company at Mahanaim, bringing with them what they felt he would need. David had not summoned them to entertain him; no superior force compelled them to hand over to the king what they owned. They brought, of their own accord, the things that suited the occasion... They saw in him the Lord's anointed, so the crowd's favourite had no attraction for them.

The Bible Treasury

A service the king never forgot

What happened to that kindness once the crisis had passed?

In time Barzillai died. Perhaps many in Israel soon forgot this scene and everything connected with it. But one heart never lost the memory of Barzillai's service. The king never forgot it, and Solomon his son was always to remember it. After his return David was busy with many important concerns. Even so, with his last breath he spoke of this service at Mahanaim, and committed Barzillai's sons to Solomon's special care. Before David and Solomon the sons of Barzillai had a place — not of distance but of marked nearness, for they ate bread at the king's table and feasted in the king's presence. Faithfulness to the Lord's anointed at a time when most people had deserted him was never to be forgotten. Such devotion was never to go unrewarded.

The Bible Treasury

The reward widens to the children

David's charge gives Barzillai's family more than Barzillai ever asked for.

David's thoughts delight to linger, in contrast, on what Barzillai had done for him (2 Sam. 19:31-40). He rewards that devoted old man far beyond his desires in the person of his sons. At first this touched Chimham alone. Now all the sons of Barzillai have a right at the king's table in return for their father's faithfulness. They enjoyed the glory of the kingdom in a special position of honour and closeness. Let us be mindful of this in our families. The devotion of parents to Christ is repaid in their children.

H. L. Rossier

The King who repays without limit

David's kindness kept running into limits. The Lord's kindness will not.

Barzillai's age kept David from doing for him all that he wanted. His hasty action over Mephibosheth tells us we have only a man like ourselves before us. But nothing can hinder the Lord Jesus from rewarding, as He will, all who have followed Him in His rejection. No one will suffer injustice on that day.

The Bible Treasury

Summary

- Cost. Barzillai gave when no one asked him to, at the moment the king had nothing to give back.

- Memory. David spoke of Mahanaim with his last breath. Kindness shown in his worst days outlived every busy year after it.

- Grace. This kindness sits between two sentences of judgment. A throne that repays crime can also repay kindness, and without righteousness grace would be only weakness.

- Reach. The reward passed to sons who had done nothing. A parent's devotion to Christ comes back to the children.

- Table. The gift was nearness, a seat in the king's presence. Christ will reward in the same way everyone who followed Him in His rejection.

Reviewed by Orion on September 11, 2026