True Bible Answers

Why does God allow natural disasters, i.e. earthquakes, hurricanes, and tsunamis?

Here is the answer:

Why Does God Allow Natural Disasters?

This question touches on one of the deepest themes in Scripture — the connection between the fall of man and the present disorder of the physical creation. Several strands of biblical teaching bear on it.

1. The Root Cause: Man's Sin Has Subjected All Creation to Vanity

The starting point is Romans 8:19–22. The natural world's present state of upheaval and decay is not something inherent to matter, but a direct consequence of Adam's fall.

L. M. Grant states plainly:

"It is man who is of course responsible for the blight of sin upon creation — thus man, to have glory, must first be the subject of grace. But the creation did not of its own accord — 'not willingly' — 'become subject to vanity': it was not a moral question, as with man, but because of man's sin all creation has suffered; it is 'by reason of' man, 'who has subjected it.'"

L. M. Grant

Hamilton Smith develops the same thought:

"The creature is in the state of misery and corruption which results from the fall, and will be so until the sons of God are manifested in bodies of glory."

"It was not by the will of the creature that it became subject to vanity, but through the folly of man."

"Those who reject the fall impute all the misery of a groaning creation to natural causes, and, in their folly, imagine they can remove the misery by their own efforts. We know that from the fall until now the creation groans and travails in pain, and will do so, until the manifestation of the sons of God."

Hamilton Smith

F. B. Hole explains the mechanism with a vivid image:

"The whole earthly creation lies under thralldom. The usurper still holds sway; the ravages of sin and death continue. Its decayed estate did not come upon it by some act of its own, or by some weakness or evil inherent in matter, as some would teach; but by reason of Adam's will exercised in defiance of God. Adam was its constituted head, its intelligent link with the Creator. Just as the snapping of the first, or top link of a chain involves every link in its fall, so the fall of Adam brought about the fall of all creation."

F. B. Hole

2. God Employs These Things Providentially

The world lying under sin's consequences does not mean God has abandoned it. He uses the very instruments of disorder — plague, famine, tempest, earthquake — as tools of His providence and even of His grace.

William Kelly writes:

"Nor does the Lord, to Whom all belongs below as on high, need the apology of man to justify His permission, any more than for the sickness and death, the plague and the famine, the tempest and the earthquake, which He employs providentially in this fallen world. To what purposes of grace does He not turn every one of these inflictions for such as hear His word."

William Kelly

God does not merely permit natural disasters; He employs them providentially, and turns them to purposes of grace for those willing to hear.

3. Disasters Are a Call to Repentance, Not a Measure of Guilt

When disaster strikes, people instinctively ask, "Were those people worse sinners than others?" The Lord Jesus directly addressed this in Luke 13, after the tower of Siloam fell and killed eighteen people.

William Kelly explains:

"Men are apt to dwell on shocking events, and to measure the guilt of the victims accordingly. ... But our Lord in answer corrects their own thought of exceptional guilt in that case, and solemnly warns them that, except they repented, they should all perish in the same way. Nay more, He points to the eighteen men, not slain by an unfeeling and truculent Roman, on whom the tower of Siloam fell. Yet were they debtors beyond all the men in Jerusalem? On the contrary He repeats, 'Except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish.' This is God's voice to sinful man in the present disorder of the world. Man is no competent judge of the tangled scene; but he is loudly called through such events to judge himself before God, in short to repent."

"For what is any judgment in providence compared with the everlasting judgment of God?"

William Kelly

Natural disasters do not single out the especially guilty. They are a solemn voice calling all to repentance.

4. Why God Permits Evil at All Remains Beyond Finite Understanding

F. B. Hole addresses the deeper philosophical question with characteristic honesty:

"As to why God, knowing all that would ultimately be involved, ever created Satan or man, and why He permitted evil to ever invade any part of His fair creation, Scripture is silent, and we know nothing."

"After all, these are matters which lie beyond the reach of finite minds. Is it likely that God would reveal to us such secrets of His high and eternal counsels as must lie on the plane of infinity? If He did, should we be any the wiser? No! It is well for us to call a halt here and say with the Psalmist, 'Such knowledge is too wonderful for me: it is high, I cannot attain to it' (Ps. 139:6)."

F. B. Hole

5. The Believer's Comfort: All Things Work Together for Good

In the midst of groaning circumstances, the believer is not without anchor. L. M. Grant writes:

"But we do know that all things work together for good to those who love God, to those who are called according to purpose. Is this the wholehearted expression of our souls? Every Christian certainly agrees with the truth here, but how many Christians enjoy it as a real, practical power over the soul, and therefore rest fully in the unceasingly operative love of God toward us?"

L. M. Grant

Hamilton Smith adds:

"We are passing through a world from which Christ has been rejected — a world of vanity, sin and sorrow. The effect of knowing God as our Father, and the blessedness of the scene of glory to which we are going, only gives us a deeper sense of the sorrows and miseries of the world we are passing through. But the sufferings of this present time are not worthy to be compared with the glories that are coming. The sufferings are passing, the glories are eternal."

Hamilton Smith

6. The Hope: Creation Will Be Delivered

Creation's groaning is in hope. The same passages that describe the disorder point forward to its resolution.

Arthur Pridham writes:

"Creation has been subjected to vanity. The cause of this subjection is to be found not in that which is thus suffering, but in him upon whom the creation was made dependent as its appointed head. Adam's sin ruined the creature. But this is not a hopeless ruin. Glory and blessing were the intent of Divine counsel in framing the worlds by the Word of God. If the first man's sin has wrapped the creature in the shroud of vanity and death, the power of redemption, in the person of the second man shall, in due time, turn the shadows of death into the morning-light of a cloudless day of blessing and of joy."

Arthur Pridham

F. B. Hole looks forward:

"When the children of God step into their glory, then into the liberty of that glory the whole creation will step with them. Then there will be the proclamation of 'liberty throughout all the land to all the inhabitants thereof.' Then will the forfeited land be redeemed. ... It will be the true and final year of Jubilee."

F. B. Hole

A. C. McBroom traces the full scope of what the cross accomplished:

"By His death He glorified God about the whole question of sin, going beyond the fall and need of man, and reaching out to the whole creation, laying the basis for its redemption and deliverance from the bondage of corruption, and putting it finally beyond the reach of the defilement of sin in the power of the Holy Ghost."

A. C. McBroom

Synthesis

The natural world was not created with earthquakes, hurricanes, and tsunamis as part of God's original design. When Adam fell, all of creation — which depended on him as its head — was subjected to vanity and corruption. The upheavals and disasters we witness are symptoms of a creation groaning under a curse it did not bring upon itself.

Yet God is not passive. He employs these very things providentially — not to punish individual victims (the tower of Siloam disproves that), but to awaken all people to the sober reality that this world is fallen and that judgment is coming. Every disaster is a voice calling to repentance.

For the believer, there is further comfort. All things — even the most devastating — work together for good to those who love God. And the present suffering is not permanent: creation itself waits with earnest expectation for the manifestation of the sons of God, when the bondage of corruption will give way to the liberty of glory. The cross of Christ has already laid the basis for that deliverance. What remains is for it to be displayed.

As Hamilton Smith puts it: "God permits a groan, but never a grumble." The groaning is real — but it is groaning in hope.