What does it mean that God is omnibenevolent?
The pivotal Scripture is 1 John 4:8 — "God is love." This is not merely saying God has love as one attribute among many. It is saying that love defines His essential being. The term "omnibenevolent" — all-good — points to this: that love is not something God occasionally does, but who He eternally is.
Love as God's Nature
J. N. Darby draws out this distinction in his paper The Love of God:
J. N. DarbyHe is holy. He is just, and therefore there must be judgment; but He is love, and love draws me. This is the spring of all His dealings until He is forced to action — not naturally forced — forced by reason of evil; for He is of purer eyes than to behold iniquity … We delight in holiness therefore, because He is holy, but love is His nature; that is what He is.
He adds:
love is His nature; that is what He isNow in this epistle and in this chapter, remarkably, it is what the divine nature is. God is love. Whatever might occur in the history of the church of God, He is unchangeable … Christ is the image of the invisible God. He has been here — light and love, and that is what God was, manifest in the flesh.
Hamilton Smith echoes this in his notes on 1 John:
Hamilton SmithGod is love, and God has acted in love toward us. Thus there is a twofold motive for loving one another. Firstly, the very nature of God is love, and, being born of God, we partake of His nature. By loving one another, we give a practical proof that we are born of God and know God. If we have no love for the brethren, it would prove that we are strangers to God.
Eternal Love — Before All Creation
If God is love, then love did not begin with creation. W. J. Hocking traces this to its depths:
W. J. HockingLove being essential to the Godhead, because "God is love," love has neither beginning nor ending. Because God is eternal, love is eternal. Before there was a creature to be loved, "God is love." But that love in the past eternity required an object. A love that is inert, dormant, a mere abstraction, has no affinity with the love of God. Love must love, and love another.
Where, then, before the foundation of the world, did love find its necessary and worthy object? The Uncreated Son Himself supplies the answer: "Thou lovedst Me before the foundation of the world" (John 17:24). Within the circle of the Godhead love was always all-pervading.
The love of the Father for the Son is the eternal wellspring from which all other love flows — toward sinners, toward creation, toward the redeemed.
Love Manifested in the Son
This hidden, eternal love was made visible in the incarnation. Hocking writes:
WJH_Son15The love of God announced in the gospel is not of recent origin. It was hidden, but is now made manifest. He teaches us that "love is of God" and that "God is love." God Himself is the origin, the primeval fount of love: He is love.
It being so that love is the very nature of God, that love of God is inscrutable, incomprehensible, inaccessible to the creature, as the divine nature must necessarily be. But in our day the choicest treasure of the Father's house has been manifested, being adequately and gloriously displayed in the Incarnate Son.
Darby captures the heart of the manifestation:
Darby"Herein is love, not that we loved God, but that he loved us." … It is the sinner's need that draws out His love. … He sent His Son to be a propitiation for our sins, and that is the proof of His love.
J. G. Bellett puts it simply:
J. G. Bellett"God is love" may account for it all. There the secret is told. If the manifestations are excellent and marvellous, the hidden springs which are opened in Himself give us to know it all.
Love in Harmony with Holiness
A critical point these writers insist on: God's love never operates apart from His other perfections. His is holy love — never sentimental, never indifferent to evil.
Hocking explains:
HockingWhile God is love, He is also light. And God will not allow one side of His nature to exceed or to eclipse the other. God is perfect as light as well as love. His love is infinite, and so is His light.
F. B. Hole addresses the question directly — can "God is love" be reconciled with judgment?
F. B. HoleSome people think that eternal punishment cannot be reconciled with the fact that God is love, and therefore they refuse to believe it. Is there any force in this argument?
None whatever. The Scriptures reveal equally both facts … The strongest possible abhorrence is quite consistent with the strongest possible affection; we would indeed go further and say it is inseparable from it. It is impossible to regard any one with deep love and not heartily hate all that imperils that person in any way.
The Goodness of God
Closely related is God's "goodness" — the kindness that actively reaches toward man. W. G. Turner writes that the root of all human misery lies in:
W. G. TurnerDisbelief in the goodness of God — in His real care for man's highest development and blessing — and disobedience to the known will of God by our first parents.
And on Jonah:
WGT_JonahThe goodness of God when believed always creates and deepens reverence for Himself, and carefulness as to His holy will in worship and service.
F. B. Hole notes from Romans 2:4:
F. B. HoleIt is "the goodness of God" that leads to repentance. But it is this very chapter that asserts that if men do not suffer the goodness of God to take them by the hand and lead them to repentance, they will find themselves seized by the severity of God and haled to judgment.
To say God is omnibenevolent is to say that love is not an occasional exercise of His will but the very essence of His being — eternal, active, and infinite. Before creation existed, the Father loved the Son; and that same boundless love has now overflowed toward sinful men in the sending of the Son as a propitiation for sins. Yet this love is never soft or indifferent — it is holy love, perfectly consistent with light and righteousness. The goodness of God reaches out to lead men to repentance, but that same goodness will not permit evil to go unjudged. As Darby writes: "love is His nature; that is what He is." And as Hocking unfolds: "God Himself is the origin, the primeval fount of love: He is love."