How do we know the Bible is true?
Millions read the Bible as God's own words, yet it comes to us as ink on paper, copied and translated by human hands. So the question is fair and old: what actually shows this book to be true, and where should an honest person start looking?
The Book's Own Claim
Before any outside test, the Bible makes a claim that no other book makes, and it makes it relentlessly.
Michael HardtAbsolutely. The phrase "Thus says the Lord", or something like it, occurs nearly 700 times in the first five books alone. You find it 400 times in the historical books, around 400 times in the Prophets — about 150 times in Isaiah alone! In Ezekiel you find expressions such as "the word of the Lord came to me, saying", and similar, around 350 times. Finally, in the New Testament, the expression "it is written" occurs around 80 times. No other book has a remotely similar claim to be the Word of God.
That claim has to be tested by what the book itself contains, not by an authority outside it:
A. J. PollockIt is very clear that if we say the Holy Scriptures are given by inspiration of God, the claim must be supported by the contents of the Scriptures themselves. The proof is to be found there and nowhere else.
One Mind Behind Many Writers
The Bible is a library, not a single book — and that is exactly where the evidence starts to press.
A. J. PollockOne of the most impressive things in Scripture is its unity. This unity is impossible without inspiration. When we find writers, separated by centuries, writing in different countries, writing on themes far beyond human reach, writing from different standpoints, writing, as one author happily phrased it, "without collusion or collision," we can only conclude that these writers were divinely inspired.
Prophecy Nobody Could Arrange
A second line of proof is what was written long before it happened — and the sheer impossibility of stage-managing it.
A. J. PollockVery much can be said to prove the inspiration of the Bible. One proof that cannot be attacked is prophecy. There are over three hundred prophecies in the Old Testament about Christ, and these have been strikingly fulfilled. It is impossible, in the nature of things, that the prophecies could be made to fit the fulfilment, or the fulfilment the prophecies.
The Witness Of Jesus
For anyone who takes Jesus seriously, His own treatment of Scripture settles the matter — He used it as final, and staked His own case on it.
J. N. DarbyThe Lord says, "Scripture cannot be broken" — He appeals to it as of equal authority with His own words, refers to it as testifying of Him, explains after His resurrection what it taught about Himself, declares that everything it said must be fulfilled, opens His disciples' understanding to grasp it, and declares that His rising from the dead would be useless to convince those who did not believe it. He quotes it as absolutely conclusive authority. Facts questioned here are referred to by Christ as undoubted history.
Outside Evidence — And Its Limits
Commentators differ on how much weight to give archaeology and science. Some pile it up gladly:
C. KnappThere are evidences on every hand, many and varied and of the very best; evidences both direct and indirect. Museums of antiquity contain them; evidences of the Bible's truthfulness are written large on Egyptian and Assyrian monuments and temples; the ruins of buried cities and the tombs of forgotten kings are full of them, and the spade of the excavator brings fresh witnesses to light every year.
Others warn that no dig can produce faith, because the evidence itself gets read differently by different people:
Edward DennettIt seems to be forgotten that God is not dependent on man to authenticate the revelation He has made, and that if the word of God is not its own witness, no amount of human evidence will establish it as such in the soul. Besides, the facts brought forward, and the translations made from ancient cylinders and monuments, take on a very different look and importance depending on the views of the various interpreters.
The Proof You Feel
The strongest evidence, several writers say, is what happens when the book reads you.
J. N. DarbyBut it is by its acting on his heart and conscience, and revealing God to him, that he knows it. I know what a knife is when it cuts me, and honey when I taste its sweetness. It is not a matter of proof. The word acts through grace on the soul, and I am conscious of its actings from God as sharper than any two-edged sword, and I find all things naked and open to the eyes of Him with whom I have to do, and that is God. So I know it is His word, His eye on me.
Where The Test Begins
Jesus gave a condition for certainty, and it is about willingness before information.
The Christian's Friend"If anyone's will is to do God's will, he will know whether the teaching is from God or whether I am speaking on my own authority." Notice, He says "If anyone wills to do," not "If he has done." Where the heart is right in God's sight, He gives the capacity to know His will. Very often we do not get light, because we are not prepared to walk in the light once we know it.
Summary
- Claim — the Bible says roughly two thousand times over that God is the one speaking, a claim no other book makes.
- Design — sixty-six books, forty writers, many centuries, no collusion, one unbroken theme: that pattern needs one Author.
- Prophecy — hundreds of predictions about Christ were written before the events, and neither end could be adjusted to fit the other.
- Christ — He treated Scripture as unbreakable, historical and final; you cannot trust Him and distrust it.
- Contact — outside evidence is real but never decisive; you know the word as you know a knife that cuts you, and willingness to obey is what opens the door to certainty.