What does the Bible say about hate?
Hate runs through Scripture in three very different directions: what God hates, what the world's hatred does to Christ and His followers, and what hatred in the heart of a believer amounts to. The Bible treats it as more than a feeling — commentators repeatedly ask what hatred proves about the person who carries it.
What God Hates
Proverbs lists seven things the LORD hates — a proud look, a lying tongue, hands that shed innocent blood, and more. One writer ties this to the Lord Jesus Himself, who "loved righteousness and hated wickedness" (Hebrews 1:9), and then presses the list on us:
Frank WallaceThe Lord could hate as perfectly as He loved. He loved with perfection, and He hated with perfection. It is often very difficult for us to do this, because of some personal matter involved that may stir up our hatred and our anger. But the Lord Jesus hated things because they were in opposition to His God, and we also have to have those features… God expects His people to hate them too, and to make sure that first of all they are removed from our own lives.
The Psalms make the same demand: "O you who love the LORD, hate evil!" (Psalm 97:10). Skipping that half of the command has a name:
Hamilton SmithLove and hatred of evil will always be found together… A false charity may ignore evil under the plea of love, and even treat evil doctrine as of little account to the Lord. Genuine love will lead us to hate evil without ignoring the good.
Hating a Brother Is Murder
"Everyone who hates his brother is a murderer" (1 John 3:15). Commentators read this as God's verdict on the heart, not on the criminal record:
William KellyIt is not merely one that does not love, but the positive activity of hating… As hatred is found to mark his spirit when tested, he is a murderer in principle — just as the Lord pronounces a man to be an adulterer in principle who indulged in lust… God deals with the heart and not the outward things only in Christianity.
That leaves no middle ground where indifference could hide:
F. B. HoleThe fact is that in this matter we cannot be neutral. If we do not love our brother we hate him; and he who hates is potentially a murderer. Cain was an actual murderer, but in Matthew 5:21-22 the Lord Jesus lays the emphasis not on the act but on the anger and hatred which prompted the act… the essential nature of that life is love.
Why the World Hates Christians
In John 15 Jesus warns that the world hates His own because it hated Him first. One writer finds unexpected comfort in that order:
William KellyTo be Christ's is enough to stir up the world's bitterness… The world hates those who, being His, are no longer of the world… For it hates us because of Him, not Him because of us. It is not our faults, therefore, which are the true cause, but His grace and moral excellence, His divine nature and glory.
"Hate His Own Father and Mother"
Luke 14:26 sounds like the opposite of everything above — until the word is weighed. Commentators agree it is comparative, not vindictive:
Leslie M. GrantThe hate here is not the vindictive hatred of 1 John 4:20, for in that case one's hatred of his brother proved him a liar when he claimed to love God. But every other relationship must give way to the disciple's devotion to Christ… For instance, an unbelieving father may accuse his son of hating him because the son is set on following the Lord Jesus and refuses to worship his father's idols.
Notice what is at stake in these verses: "Not, mark you, 'he cannot be saved,' but 'he cannot be My disciple.'" (F. B. Hole)
The Command That Cancels Hate
"You have heard that it was said, 'You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.' But I say to you, Love your enemies" (Matthew 5:43-44). One writer points out that the second half of the saying was never in the law at all:
Numerical Bible NotesMen understand, at least, that they ought to love their neighbour… while they have invented a duty of hate, which no lawgiver would perhaps dare write on his tables, but which is nevertheless too readily obeyed in practice… God blesses those who curse Him, does good to those that hate Him — sets us the sweetest and most wonderful example of infinite compassion.
This changes the question a wronged Christian asks:
William KellyIn a thousand practical instances, the question is not whether the thing is right. We often hear Christians asking, Is such a thing wrong? But this is not the only question for the Christian. Suppose wrong is done to him; what is he to feel then? If there is hostility to him in another, what is he to hold in his own heart?
"Esau I Hated"
Malachi 1:2-3, quoted in Romans 9:13, is God's own word of hate. Commentators differ on where the weight falls — some stress God's choice before the twins were born, others the record written long after Esau's life. On what was actually judged:
George DavisonWhat God loved in Jacob was his appreciation of the birthright, and what He hated in Esau was that he despised it.
Summary
- Hate evil. Holiness is love of good and hatred of evil together; ignoring evil in the name of love is a false charity.
- Hate exposes. Hatred of a brother is murder in principle, because God reads the heart, not just the act.
- Hate has no neutral. Where love for a brother is absent, hatred is present — there is no third option.
- Hate lands on Christ first. The world's hostility falls on believers because of Him, not because of their faults.
- Hate is answered by love. "Love your enemies" is not law but grace, copying a God who does good to those who hate Him.