Solomon had a vineyard at Baal-hamon; he let out the vineyard to keepers; each one was to bring for its fruit a thousand pieces of silver.
Song of Solomon 8:11 · ESVView all translations

Song of Solomon closes with a picture of a great estate. A king owns a vineyard, tenants work it, and each tenant owes a fixed return. The names and numbers carry the meaning. Who is this "Solomon"? Where is Baal-hamon? What do the thousand pieces of silver stand for?

The Name of the Place

The place has a name, and the name tells you how wide the vineyard is.

"Baal-hamon" means Lord of a multitude. It clearly refers to the multitude of nations — the whole earth, which now forms the vast vineyard of the Lord of glory. "The earth is the LORD's and the fullness thereof, the world and those who dwell therein." (Ps. 24) The thousand years of peace have come! The glory of the Lord fills the earth — all hearts rejoice — Jesus reigns.

Andrew Miller

Which Solomon

So who is this king? One commentator makes that question the whole point.

It is at Baal-hamon, and it is in connection with Solomon — for this is the point. It is the Lord Jesus and not the church that is to be the true means of blessing to all nations. I admit it will be when the church is with Him, assuredly. I admit it will be when the Jew is converted to Him, loves Him, knows Him, most surely. But the one who makes all the difference is not the Jew, and it is not the church. It is Christ. And it is Christ then come — Christ as King.

William Kelly

What Israel Was Meant to Be

God had promised blessing for all nations through one people. The same writer holds that promise against the record.

The children of Israel — the Jew — ought to have been a blessing to every nation under heaven. I do not say they should have been "lord of the peoples," but they should truly have been a blessing. "In you all the families of the earth shall be blessed." "In your offspring shall all the nations of the earth be blessed." Was that true of Israel? The very reverse. They lost the blessing themselves because they refused Christ.

William Kelly

Keepers, Not Owners

The vineyard is let out. Others work it and profit from it, but the arrangement fixes their place.

The passage looks on to the time when Christ — the true Solomon — will reign over all the nations of the earth. The whole earth will become a fruitful vineyard. There will be kings of the earth — the keepers of the vineyard. They will enjoy the fruits of the earth, but they will be subject to Christ. They will pay tribute. They will bring, as it were, a thousand silver pieces.

Hamilton Smith

Kelly draws the same arrangement out of the wider promise of Scripture, adding who the tenants turn out to be.

As Lord of multitudes, the King of Peace in that day will have His widely extended sphere of fruit let out to His servants, the keepers, and the kings of Tarshish and of the islands will render tribute; the kings of Sheba and Seba will offer gifts; yes, all kings will fall down before Him, all nations will serve Him.

William Kelly

The Thousand Pieces

One writer reads the number as a measure, not a price.

Ten in Scripture is a number connected with responsibility. We have ten fingers on our hands to work with and ten toes on our feet to help us walk. Ten is therefore the measure of our capacity for our walk and work. One thousand is 10x10x10. So the thousand pieces stand for a definite return to the Lord. It matches the full measure of what each person is responsible for.

The Song of Solomon

The Bride's Own Vineyard

Beside the great vineyard stands a second one, and it belongs to the bride.

Christ, in His Solomon character, is the glorious King, the Son of David, after the order of Melchizedek. He has a vineyard as Lord of the nations or multitudes. He has entrusted it to others, who are to make Him a suitable return. The vineyard of the bride was at her own disposal. But all its proceeds shall be for Solomon, and there shall be a portion for those who kept its fruits. This is a touching expression of her relationship to the King. She will have everything to be His; and then there are others who shall profit by it also.

J. N. Darby

Another writer names who the bride is, and shows what her giving does for others.

If Solomon gets the thousand pieces of silver, others will get two hundred. Mary's jar of ointment, very costly, was spent entirely on Christ, but others also received a benefit, for "the house was filled with the fragrance of the perfume."

Hamilton Smith

Summary

- Owner. Baal-hamon means lord of a multitude; the vineyard is the whole earth, and it belongs to the King.

- King. Solomon here pictures Christ reigning. The blessing of all nations comes through Him — not through Israel, and not through the church.

- Keepers. The kings of the earth hold the vineyard as tenants — they enjoy its fruit, but they are subject to Him and pay tribute.

- Return. A thousand pieces stands for a full return to the Lord. It matches all that each keeper is responsible for.

- Love. The bride keeps nothing back for herself. She gives her whole vineyard to Him, and the keepers are still paid. Giving all to Christ leaves others richer, not poorer.

Reviewed by Orion on September 21, 2026