Now in the place where he was crucified there was a garden, and in the garden a new tomb in which no one had yet been laid.
John alone mentions the garden by the cross. Why does that setting matter, and why does Scripture stress that no one had used the tomb?
The garden John shows us
John notices where things happen. One commentator asks what welcome man's garden gave Him.
J. T. MawsonAmong the writers of the New Testament John is the only one who speaks of a garden. He is always great on environment. In his Gospel the setting brings out either the full beauty or the stark bareness of the deeds he records. So he speaks of a garden, and with it he shows us a traitor, a cross, and a tomb. The purpose of John's Gospel is to present the great fact that God has come down to men... He came, so well suited to the deep need of men, and entered man's garden. And can it be possible that there the traitor met Him, and men condemned Him to a cross and a tomb? Yes, so it was; men had nothing better than that for Him.
Two gardens
The Bible opens in a garden too. One writer sets that first garden beside this one.
The Bible TreasuryLet us contrast the two gardens — that of Genesis 3 with that of John 19. In the one God placed the first Adam, innocent, with access to the tree of life. But he chose the tree of responsibility, in the error of his way, and fell. In the other lay He who had a right to the tree of life, but who had answered the responsibility in the dust of death. For the one, the garden eastward in Eden became the gateway to a lost world, which ends in the lake of fire. For the other, the second garden becomes the gateway for His people — not to Paradise regained, but to the Paradise of God.
Why a garden fits
A place of growth is a strange address for a grave.
Samuel RidoutIt is fitting that it should be in a garden. Death entered in a garden, and God drove our first parents out of it. When the consequences of sin had been put away, the garden appears again... What fruits for all eternity, we may say, have grown in this garden where the tomb was! There was sown the Grain of wheat which has produced such a harvest... The garden around the tomb of our Lord speaks of life and points forward to His resurrection.
"Where no one had yet been laid"
Scripture takes trouble over a detail that looks minor. One writer traces it back to an event in Israel's history. A dead man touched the bones of the prophet Elisha in his tomb, and came back to life.
W. T. P. WolstonWhy is God so careful to say that? Look at the Old Testament, and you will see how carefully God guards everything connected with the person of His blessed Son... If the Spirit of God had not been careful to record this, Satan and the Jews would soon have spread this story: Jesus had risen from the dead, but that was nothing new. It had happened before in Old Testament times. They had put Him into a tomb where the bones of some prophet lay, and so He revived again. God foresaw that lie, and has taken great care to tell us it was a new tomb.
Another writer reads the same detail differently. It guards the body itself from any contact with decay.
F. B. HoleThe Psalmist had foretold that the Lord would not let His "Holy One" see corruption. We all know what that meant. The holy and sacred body of Jesus went through death, but decay never touched it in the least. But it also meant that His body should not even come into contact with it from outside. When God fulfils His word, He does so thoroughly and completely.
A grave His enemies did not choose
The burial arrangements were not left to the men who had arranged the crucifixion.
J. T. MawsonThe malice of men would have pursued the Lord beyond death. As Isaiah 53:9 should read, "they appointed His grave with the wicked." They had prepared a rough hole near the cross. They meant to throw His body there with those of the thieves who had also died. But God stepped in, and "He was with the rich in His death."
A tomb with nothing to hold
Every other grave has a claim on what it receives. This one did not.
J. T. MawsonThere had never been a tomb like it before, if we judge it by what was laid in it and by what came out of it. Up to that hour the grave had stood first in the list of things that are never satisfied. It had never cried, "It is enough"... There had always been a natural link between the tomb and what it held. God had said, "you are dust, and to dust you shall return." But in this new tomb there was no such link. The death of Jesus was voluntary... He was the Holy One of God and could see no corruption; death had no claim on Him, and so the tomb could not hold Him.
Summary
- Garden lost. Eden had a tree of life, but the first Adam fell there, and death entered the garden.
- Garden entered. John alone names the setting, and shows what man's garden held for Him: a traitor, a cross, a tomb.
- Garden guarded. God stopped His enemies at the grave. They had a rough hole ready beside the thieves; He was buried with the rich instead.
- Garden untouched. "Where no one had yet been laid" shields Him from both decay and the lie that some earlier prophet's bones revived Him.
- Garden regained. A grain of wheat was sown there, and the way out of that garden leads not back to Eden but on to the Paradise of God.