And he called the name of the first daughter Jemimah, and the name of the second Keziah, and the name of the third Keren-happuch.
Job 42:14 · ESVView all translations

Job's story ends with a home refilled. Three daughters arrive after he has lost everything, and commentators read the names he gives them as the fruit of his suffering.

The naming belongs to a restored man

The daughters are born inside a closing scene that shows God's care for a man who had held on through the worst.

But the Lord also gave Job twice as much as he had before, because the book could not end without a witness to God's goodness even in outward things. It is not yet the time for carefully setting right all that is crooked, or for remembering every good and righteous deed. Still, the Lord does not let His saint go without a proof of His interest and His blessing. Job therefore received even then this testimony of what God is. He did not forget the man who had passed through such a storm of trial... But Job only held fast to God because God held fast to Job. That was the real root of the matter. It is grace after all that gives and keeps integrity.

William Kelly

Love, fragrance, beauty

Read together, the three names trace what Job's suffering produced, not what it cost him.

The names of the daughters are given, no doubt with divine significance. Jemima, "a dove"; Keziah, "cassia"; Keren-happuch, "a horn of paint," or adornment. These are the fruit of Job's trials. The dove, suggesting the gentleness and love of the bird of sorrow. Cassia, telling of the fragrance that has come from his bruising; and the horn of cosmetic, of the "beauty for ashes" that is now his. Love, fragrance, beauty — these come out of our sorrows. Truly there are no daughters so fair as these.

Samuel Ridout

The third name is disputed

Commentators do not agree on how to translate Keren-happuch, and the difference is openly acknowledged.

Youngest daughter of Job after his restoration to prosperity. Job 42:14. The meaning of the name is disputed. The Septuagint renders it "horn of plenty."

Morrish Bible Dictionary

Others read it as glory, not plenty or paint. Each name, they say, records a result of Job's experience.

The names of the three daughters are given. Jemimah (a dove); Keziah (cassia); Keren-happuch (flashes of glory). Such were the blessed results of Job's experience, expressed by these names. Purified and humble like the dove; cassia, which is fragrance, worship and adoration; and the flashes and splendour of glory.

Arno Clemens Gaebelein

Cassia, a spice of the sanctuary

The middle name points to one particular spice with one particular use.

The bark of an aromatic plant resembling cinnamon, the Arabian cassia. It was used in the holy anointing oil; and, with myrrh and aloes, will perfume the garments of Christ as King. It was one of the articles of merchandise of Tyre. Ex. 30:24; Ps. 45:8; Ezek. 27:19.

Morrish Bible Dictionary

Crushing is what releases that fragrance. Writers connect this with what trial does in a life.

The cinnamon, calamus and cassia are all products from the bark of a tree or from a plant that were ground to a very fine powder. This painful process produces rich fragrances. All speak of the sufferings of our Lord and to a lesser degree of our deep experiences with Him in life's pathway.

L. A. Stassel

Ten in heaven and ten on earth

God doubled Job's wealth, but not the number of his children. Pollock explains why the sum still comes to double.

As far as temporal things were concerned, Job in the end received, under God's good hand, double what he had lost. Seven sons and three daughters came to lighten his home — surely an implication that the ones he had lost did not die like the beasts of the field. In the end he had double: ten in heaven and ten on earth. But spiritually and morally, what a triumph for God, and what an untold blessing for Job — a blessing beyond words.

A. J. Pollock

Commentators differ on how far to press this. Stanley reads the new family as the old one given back, and gives his own sense of each name.

So if Job lost his sons and his daughters in death, he now received them, as it were, in resurrection. Their very names are full of meaning. The first he called Jemima, which means "handsome as the day." The second he called Kezia — cassia, one of the sweet perfumes of the sanctuary. And the name of the third, Keren-happuch, means "child of beauty."

C. Stanley

Gaebelein rejects that reading of the restored family.

This does not mean, as some suppose, that they were not new sons and daughters, and that the restoration was one in resurrection. Such a view cannot stand. The sons and daughters were born to him.

Arno Clemens Gaebelein

Summary

- Sorrow first. The names come after the suffering, not instead of it. They are the fruit of what Job went through.

- Love. Jemima, the dove, speaks of gentleness — the first thing that comes out of a bruised life.

- Fragrance. Kezia is cassia, a spice of the holy anointing oil, made fragrant only by being crushed.

- Beauty. Keren-happuch means adornment, plenty, or flashes of glory. Commentators differ, but every reading points to splendour in place of ashes.

- Grace throughout. Job held fast to God only because God held fast to Job. The restored home is a proof of God's goodness, not a payment for endurance.

Reviewed by Orion on September 5, 2026