Can you fill his skin with harpoons or his head with fishing spears?
God's questions to Job move from the land to the water. Here they settle on one creature that no weapon can touch. Verse 7 asks if Job can drive harpoons into its hide. Behind that question stands a bigger one: who can master anything in God's world?
The creature and the weapons
Commentators identify leviathan with the crocodile. Verse 7 names the gear a hunter would reach for, and rules it out.
Leslie M. GrantLeviathan was a water creature. He appears to be the crocodile, the most fearsome of all water animals, unless he was another animal like it that is now extinct... Harpoons were useless against him, because they could not get through his outer covering (v.7). If anyone was bold enough to lay a hand on him, let him remember the fight that came of any such attempt, and never do it again! (v.8).
A harpoon was made to hold fast once it struck.
Morrish Bible DictionaryIrons shaped like a harpoon, which go into the flesh easily but cannot be pulled out again. God, to show His wisdom and power to Job, speaks of the leviathan, or crocodile, which barbed irons cannot enter. Job 41:7.
A challenge aimed at Job's confidence
Job had talked about God's ways and found fault with them. So God asks him to handle one animal.
William Kelly"Can you draw out Leviathan with a fishhook?" You who can do such wonders; you can talk about God; and you can judge for God, and you can find fault with God! Well, can you catch leviathan with a hook?... Do not fight him. "Behold, the hope of him is in vain." Spears or arrows are nothing to him. Even a musket ball cannot pierce the skin of a crocodile. "His scales are his pride." It is not only that he has enormous strength, and that no ordinary weapon can wound him; he is also so confident in it himself.
God's purpose in the description
Chapters like this are often read as nature study. Kelly says that misses what God is doing.
William KellyPeople talk as if God's only purpose was to occupy us with His works. God does the opposite. He brings forward His works to turn us away from our thoughts and bow us to Himself. If the works of God are so wonderful, who is He that did the work? And what is man, if he dares to judge such a God?... Do you think that after this Job was occupied with behemoth or with leviathan? Not at all, but with God; and this was the design of it all.
A power that cannot be attacked
Several writers see more here than an animal.
Samuel RidoutIn all this first part of the description, we see the fierce, unapproachable, untameable character of this creature. The clear conclusion is the one already pointed out: if the creature is so mighty, what must the Creator be? But, as I have said, we should expect something more here than a declaration of God's greatness and power. This is not only a mighty power; it is a power for evil. So Satan is spoken of as the dragon (Revelation 20:2)... "In that day the LORD with his hard and great and strong sword will punish Leviathan the fleeing serpent, Leviathan the twisting serpent, and he will slay the dragon that is in the sea" (Isaiah 27:1).
Commentators differ on what leviathan pictures. Ridout points to Satan himself. Grant points to a world empire still to come.
Leslie M. GrantLeviathan is a water creature. He plainly pictures the non-Jewish power that will rise during the Tribulation, a revival of the Roman Empire... Of him people will say, "Who is like the beast, and who can fight against it?" (Revelation 13:4)... While no man can stand before them, however, the Lord will bring them down to a defeat of abject humiliation.
Where the lesson lands
If no weapon works, what is left for a believer to do?
Charles StanleyNow what a relief this is. The believer looked at in himself has no power to overcome Satan. Man failed before him while he was still innocent. How much less can he stand now that he has fallen. It was independence of God that opened the door for Satan at first; and it is simple dependence on God alone that can shut it... It is very gracious of God to tell us how great the power of the enemy is. He does it so we may know that our only resource is a firm trust in Himself.
Summary
- Weapon — the harpoon was built to sink in and never come out; against this creature it does not even enter.
- Failure — God names every tool Job could reach for and rules each one out. Job's own strength comes up short.
- Redirection — God describes His works not to make us study them, but to turn us from ourselves to Himself.
- Enemy — writers see a power for evil here. Some read leviathan as Satan. Others read it as a coming world empire.
- Resource — God tells us how strong the enemy is as a kindness. It leaves dependence on Him as the one thing needed.