No one is so fierce that he dares to stir him up. Who then is he who can stand before me?
God's questions to Job end with a creature no one would dare to wake. The point is not the animal. It is the One who made it. If a man will not face leviathan, how could he face leviathan's Maker?
From the Creature to Its Maker
The chapter argues by comparison, from the hook and the reed up to the closing question:
Arno Clemens GaebeleinMost identify leviathan with the crocodile. Like behemoth, leviathan is a strong and untamable beast. Jehovah asks: Can you draw out leviathan with a hook? Can you pierce his jaw with a reed? Will you take him for a servant forever? Then He declares that he is fierce, and even the sight of him casts a man down. And if a creature is so mighty and strong, what must the One be who called this creature into existence? Verses 10 and 11 should read: "Who then is able to stand before Me (the Creator)? Who gave to Me first, that I should repay him? Since all beneath the heavens is Mine."
Not Even Worth Trying
The chapter runs through every use a man might make of leviathan. Each one is absurd. And that is nothing next to the real subject.
William KellyCan you play with him like a bird or a deer, a toy for girls? He is no commodity for traders, no game for the hunter, no safe opponent in battle. The very sight of him might knock you flat, and the man who would provoke him is a fool. Yet what is that compared with making a stand before God?
No Claim on God
The second half of the verse turns from the beast to God. The next verse says why: no one has ever put God in their debt.
Samuel RidoutIf this is true of a mere creature, who can stand before the Creator? (This is how verse 10 should read. It leads up to verse 11, "Who will stand before Me?") Who has ever given to Jehovah first, so that he can demand it back? Or, as the apostle asks, "Who has given a gift to him that he might be repaid?" (Romans 11:35).
A Strength That Pictures Something Worse
Commentators differ on what leviathan pictures. Some see a power for evil, and behind it Satan himself:
Samuel RidoutThis describes not only a mighty power, but a power for evil. Scripture calls Satan the dragon (Revelation 20:2). As ruler of the earth, working through his instrument the ruler of Egypt, he is the one spoken of here: "In that day the LORD with his hard and great and strong sword will punish Leviathan the fleeing serpent, Leviathan the twisting serpent, and he will slay the dragon that is in the sea" (Isaiah 27:1).
Others link the same creature to the beast of Revelation, whom no one will dare to fight:
Leslie M. GrantNo human is so fierce that he would dare to stir up such a creature (v.10). But let us remember it is God who made this beast. Who then could stand against God?… Of him people will say, "Who is like the beast, and who can fight against it?" (Revelation 13:4). No man can stand before the beast and the Antichrist. Yet the Lord will bring them down to a humiliating defeat.
Why Job Needed to Hear It
So why did God describe such an enemy to Job at all?
Charles StanleyUnder the figure of leviathan, God now shows Job that the power of Satan is too great for him. … But what could be God's purpose in describing the power of the enemy? Surely it was to lead Job into complete dependence on Him. "I know," says Job, "that you can do all things." … It was independence of God that opened the door to Satan at first, and simple dependence on God alone can shut it.
What Finally Broke Him
God did not put these creatures before Job as a subject to study. He put them there to bow Job before Himself.
William KellyGod brings forward His works to turn us away from our own thoughts and bow us to Himself. If the works of God are so wonderful, who is He who made them, and what is man if he dares to judge such a God?… "I had heard of you by the hearing of the ear, but now my eye sees you." It was nothing external now, no distant rumour… "Therefore I despise myself." Do you think that studying the build or habits of behemoth and leviathan would have led to anything like that? Certainly not. He was dealing with God Himself. God used those creatures for that very purpose, and through them turned Job away from everything else to Himself.
Summary
- Stand: the creature. No one dares wake leviathan. No hook holds him, no trader wants him, no one tames him.
- Stand: the Creator. The verse turns on a comparison — if a made thing is beyond you, the One who made it is further beyond you still.
- Stand: no claim. Verse 10 leads into verse 11. No one can stand before God, and no one has ever given Him anything He must repay.
- Stand: the evil power. Commentators differ here. Some see Satan the dragon. Others see the coming beast people call unbeatable. Both say God will bring it down.
- Stand: Job's collapse. God's aim was dependence, not zoology. Job stopped defending himself when his eye saw God.