Behold, all of you have seen it yourselves; why then have you become altogether vain?
Job's three friends have run out of answers, and he holds the floor for the rest of the debate. In verse 12 he turns on them: they had watched God at work with their own eyes, so why was everything they said so empty?
No One Left To Answer Him
First, see who is left in the debate. The friends have gone quiet, and Job speaks without interruption.
William KellyAlthough Bildad had very little to say, Zophar had nothing. He is completely out of the debate... Job has it now all to himself. They began with great energy, full of confidence that their judgment was a sound one. But Job had answered all their foolish talk completely, and there they were silent. They were not yet convinced that they were wrong. They simply did what many people do: they stopped talking, with not a word left to say, and still held the same opinion.
The Pupil Turns Teacher
Just before this verse Job offers to teach his friends about the hand of God and hide nothing. That offer has an irony inside it.
Leslie M. GrantJob realised that his friends needed teaching about the hand of God, so he would teach them (v.11). They did need such teaching. But Job himself needed a different kind of teaching from the kind he thought his friends needed, because "the hand of God" is a huge subject. What Job knew about God's hand he would not hide. Yet there was much he did not know, as we all must realise in our ignorance.
Eyes That Saw And Minds That Missed It
Job does not say his friends lacked evidence. The problem was what they did with it.
Leslie M. GrantStill, he tells his friends that they had seen God's hand at work. Instead of thinking soberly about what these actions of God involved, they were behaving with complete nonsense! (v.12).
Job's complaint is also personal. His friends had evidence about him too, not only about God. One commentator puts Job's point in his own voice:
William Kelly'You know very well that I have been holding on to God; you have heard my confession, and why do you charge me with a thing like hypocrisy?'
Why Their Talk Was Empty
Their words were empty for a reason. The problem was the rule they started from.
William KellyTheir error was by no means unusual. You find it especially among the righteous, who know God but have never been thoroughly broken down about themselves... Here is where they went astray: they assumed that the present state of the world is an adequate expression of God's judgment of men's ways. This assumption runs through the speeches of the three friends. At first they expressed it calmly enough, but at last it hardened into severity.
Measured against that, Job's question answers itself. They were arguing against what they had already seen with their own eyes.
Samuel RidoutIs not all this self-evident? Job asks them. Do they not know the Lord's ways? Why then do they indulge in such foolish and wrong thoughts as they had expressed, and charge him — a man whose uprightness they knew, and who was conscious of his own integrity — with having a character like the one he describes?
Right Against Men, Not Yet Right Before God
Job wins the argument with his friends. Winning it does not settle how he stands before God.
F. B. HoleAs he affirmed his own integrity and truth, he charged his friends with being the ones who spoke falsehood and deceit. He held fast to his righteousness with the utmost resolution. This "righteousness," as Job 29 will show us, was about his outward conduct. The searching light of God had not yet entered his soul. He had been charged with being a deceiver and a hypocrite. He knew he was not this, and he was not going to plead guilty to it for a moment. We too know that he was not. But outward correctness does not in itself count for righteousness in the presence of God.
What Comes Next
From verse 13 onward Job himself describes what happens to the wicked. That looks like a sudden switch, and there is a reason for it.
Samuel RidoutUp to now he had resisted the friends in their arguments about the wicked. They always linked him with their descriptions. He will now take up the same language himself. It shows how impossible it was to confuse a man like himself with the wicked they identified him with, and so it becomes a most powerful reply to their charges.
Summary
- Seen. The friends had watched God's hand at work and had watched Job's life. His question rests on what they already knew.
- Said. What they saw and what they said did not match. They had the evidence and still talked nonsense.
- Empty. Their talk was empty because their rule was false. They assumed the world as it looks now shows God's full verdict on a man.
- Silent. Running out of arguments is not the same as changing your mind. They went quiet and kept the same opinion.
- Unfinished. Job was right against his friends and still unfinished with God. He offered to teach them about God's hand while needing another kind of teaching himself. His clean record was outward conduct, not righteousness before God.