His master saw that the LORD was with him and that the LORD caused all that he did to succeed in his hands.
Joseph has been sold as a slave in Egypt. Here the story pauses to record what his master noticed about him. The question is not why Joseph did well, but how a master who did not know God could see the reason for it.
The Explanation of the Whole Story
Commentators take one line as the key to the whole chapter. They also follow the word "hand" through it.
F. B. HoleWe are given the explanation of all that happened — "The Lord was with Joseph." Because that was true, everything he did prospered. Even what looked like disaster turned out to be only a stepping-stone to something much better. Verses 3 and 4 make us notice the striking way Joseph's "hand" is spoken of in the story. Because the Lord was with him, He "caused all that he did to succeed in his hands." So Joseph found favour with his master, who put all that he had into Joseph's hand. This was only natural. Potiphar did not know the reason for it, but he found he had made a first-rate bargain when he bought the young Semitic boy. Here was a slave with real skill, joined to honesty and uprightness that came from the fear of God.
What the Master Could See
Writers draw a lesson here for anyone who works for a boss with a different faith.
Hamilton SmithHis witness was the witness of his life, not of his lips. Potiphar was struck by what he "saw", not by what he heard... If Joseph had always complained about his hard lot, or talked up the great future ahead of him, he would have been no witness for the Lord in Potiphar's house. The Egyptian cared nothing about his past, and even if Joseph had spelled out his future, the Egyptian would have understood nothing of it. But Joseph's daily life of wholehearted attention to his work was something Potiphar could see and value... To see a Christian servant living a quiet, steady, uncomplaining life, faithfully doing his daily work, is a true witness for the Lord, and something a master who is not a believer can appreciate.
Work Done for a Higher Master
Joseph treated slavery as his new place of duty, given to him by God.
William KellyIn the Egyptian's house he saw a new field of duty. He looked to Jehovah, so that by serving Him he might serve his master best... He had been saved from a cruel death that seemed about to fall on him. So he bowed under God's hand, and set himself to do carefully and honestly whatever lay before him each day, to please the Master above. That is why he prospered and became master of the situation. Potiphar had never had such a slave, and neither had anyone else. There was no self-seeking in him, and no working only while the master watched... A force for good was at work here, with clear results of blessing, and even the sharp eye of a man who did not know God could not miss them.
The Name Used in This Chapter
This chapter keeps using the name Jehovah. One writer points out where it stands: over Joseph in the house, and again in prison.
William KellyBut Jehovah was with Joseph in the prison, just as much as in Potiphar's house. Verse 2 says He was with Joseph. Verse 21 says He was with Joseph, "and showed him mercy, and gave him favour in the sight of the keeper of the prison"... It mattered little where he was, since Jehovah was with him. What a difference it makes when God is with us — and God in that special, known relationship, which the name "Jehovah" carries here as everywhere.
Blessing While Unknown, and a Greater Servant
Scripture names the blessing while Joseph is still a slave, not when he rises to power. One writer sees the same pattern in the service of Christ.
F. B. HoleDivine blessing marked Joseph's whole career. Yet notice that Scripture mentions it here, when he was a slave and unknown — and mentions it not once but three times. With the Lord Jesus it was during His lowly service in this narrow world that His mission and work looked like failure. It was just then that He had to say, in the words of the prophet, "I have labored in vain; I have spent my strength for nothing and vanity; yet surely my right is with the LORD, and my recompense with my God" (Isa. 49:4). But Jehovah had just said, "You are My servant... in whom I will be glorified."
Summary
- Presence. The Lord was with Joseph. That one fact explains everything that follows, even the setbacks that became stepping-stones.
- Prosperity. Everything Joseph touched prospered. The chapter keeps returning to his "hand", and a slave's work carried both skill and honesty.
- Proof. Potiphar believed his eyes, not his ears. A quiet, uncomplaining life at daily work is a witness anyone can read.
- Portability. The name Jehovah stands over Joseph in the house and again in the prison. The place changed; the presence did not.
- Purpose. Scripture records the blessing three times while Joseph is still a slave. Christ's lowly work looked like failure too, yet God said He would be glorified in Him.