And Joseph's master took him and put him into the prison, the place where the king's prisoners were confined, and he was there in prison.
Joseph refuses to sin, and it costs him everything he built in Potiphar's house. Yet the verse names the cell he lands in — the one for the king's prisoners — and that address shapes all that follows.
A slave with no defence
Joseph never answers the charge. One writer weighs the master's dilemma: a slave he had always trusted, and a wife whose word was doubtful.
William KellyWe can easily imagine the difficulty the wife's treachery created for Joseph's master. On one side stood the proven, unquestionable trustworthiness of his slave. On the other stood a wife who could make such an approach. She must long have shown her evil character in many ways, even if not in this one, so her word was doubtful. Still, she was his wife. Whatever her bold, shameless, and malicious fraud, we hear of no effort on Joseph's part to clear himself by exposing her wickedness. A simple denial of her charge would not stand against a husband's natural anger. He was unwilling to look closely into the terrible alternative.
Why prison and not execution
Commentators differ on Potiphar's state of mind. One reads his anger as real. Another notes that the punishment was light for the crime alleged:
C. KnappThe wicked woman's husband clearly did not really believe his wife's foul lie. It was perhaps only to keep up appearances that he made a show of punishing Joseph. If he really believed her story, it is hard to see why he did not have this Hebrew slave put to death at once. He probably knew her character quite well. That seems to me the only way to explain his great leniency towards Joseph. Pilate was slow to consent to the crucifixion of "the Lord of glory" for the same reason. He knew the character of His accusers well, and did not really believe Him deserving of death.
Not a mild confinement
Genesis says little about the conditions. A psalm fills them in, and the long wearing of prison becomes the real test:
A. J. PollockThat it was a terrible experience we learn from Psalm 105:18. Speaking of Joseph, it says, "His feet were hurt with fetters; his neck was put in a collar of iron." The margin of the Bible says, "Hebrew: his soul came into iron." Do we not have a saying in English, "The iron entered his soul"? Nothing is more depressing than captivity like that, day after day, night after night, summer and winter, year in and year out. The weariness, discomfort, sameness and hopelessness of it is a great test. Under that test character will either collapse or show itself. Trials make or mar a person.
(An older translation reads, "he was laid in iron.")
The address of the prison
The verse names which prison. That one detail is the hinge of all that follows:
F. B. HolePending a decision in the matter, they were confined in the same prison as Joseph, and put in his charge. God ordered the chain of events. The first link was Joseph's placing where the king's prisoners were confined. The second was that these two men came there in due time.
Two hands at work
These events have two sides. Behind Potiphar's wife stands an enemy. Behind the enemy stands God:
C. H. MackintoshIn Genesis 39 Satan uses Potiphar's wife, and in Genesis 40 he uses Pharaoh's chief butler. The first he used to put Joseph into the dungeon; the second he used to keep him there, through his ungrateful neglect. But it was all in vain. God was behind the scenes. His finger was guiding all the springs of the vast machine of circumstances. When the time was right, He brought out the man of His purpose and set his feet in a wide, open place.
Prosperity behind bars
The verse ends with Joseph simply there. His address changed; the one thing that mattered did not:
G. C. WillisGod was with Joseph and showed him mercy… Before this, in Potiphar's home, God made everything go well. Now, while Joseph was in the prison, God did the same. It is much better to live in a prison with God than to live in a king's house without Him.
A shadow of a deeper descent
One writer sees the same shape in Christ — blessing given, blessing refused, and the one who blessed condemned:
Frederick W. GrantWith Joseph in it, the house of the Egyptian is blessed by God. But with Christ ministering in it, how beyond words was the world blessed!… Yet it did not turn man's heart to God. False witness casts Joseph into Pharaoh's prison, where everything again comes under his hand. Under false accusation the Lord descends into a darker prison-house, and as a result He shows Himself Master of all there.
Summary
- Accused — a slave's word could not stand against his mistress's, so Joseph never tried to expose her.
- Spared — the sentence was prison, not death. Potiphar likely never believed the charge; he was keeping up appearances.
- Chained — Psalm 105 shows the cost was real: fetters, iron, and years of sameness that either make or break a person.
- Placed — the verse names the king's prison. That address is the first link in a chain that runs to the butler, to Pharaoh, and to the throne.
- Prospered — Satan put him in and kept him there, but God was behind the scenes. Better a prison with God than a palace without Him.