Then Judah said to his brothers, “What profit is it if we kill our brother and conceal his blood?
Joseph is in the pit. A caravan of traders comes into view, and Judah turns the moment into a business proposal.
The Question of a Covetous Heart
Judah does not call the murder wrong. He calls it unprofitable.
Hamilton SmithThe company of merchants on their way to Egypt at once suggests to Judah the chance of making a profit out of his brother. Why not sell Joseph and make a little money? If they are not going to satisfy their hatred by killing Joseph, why not satisfy their covetousness by selling Joseph? So they gave their brother up to the Gentiles, and gave themselves up to money-making… "Profit" is the word that governed the actions of Joseph's brothers. Judah asks the question of the covetous heart — not "Is it right?" or "Is it wrong?" but "What profit is it?"
A Conscience That Stops Halfway
Judah's plan looks merciful. It spares Joseph's life, appeals to blood ties, and spares them the trouble of hiding a body. But it draws one line and refuses the next.
L. M. GrantA company of Ishmaelite traders appears, travelling towards Egypt. Judah is quick to see an ideal way to get rid of Joseph and make some money at the same time. So he points out to his brothers that killing Joseph and hiding it would gain them nothing. Selling him as a slave to the Ishmaelites would bring a profit — and leave them no dead body to get rid of. He also appeals to their sense of loyalty to their family relationship. Joseph was their brother. He seems to have a conscience against killing his brother, but no conscience against selling him as a slave!
Different Degrees, One Guilt
Reuben saves Joseph from the sword; Judah proposes a sale instead of the pit. The differences are real, but they do not split the brothers into innocent and guilty.
J. G. BellettThere may be different degrees in the shared hatred; but in a deep moral sense they are all one generation. Reuben was Jacob's firstborn, and we may suppose he felt himself more answerable to the aged father for the boy than any of them. He saves Joseph from the sword, and Judah proposes selling him to the merchants instead of the pit. … The Judge of all the earth will surely do right. Sins will get their many stripes and their few stripes. But the world has cast out Jesus, and the world is the world. Here, all alike are the guilty brothers of Joseph.
The Shadow of a Greater Selling
Joseph's father sent him in love, and his brothers hand him over to strangers. One writer sees a greater Son behind that picture.
William KellyHow evident that in Jehovah alone can one boast, and that the objects of His choice are in themselves nothing and worse than nothing! Yet heartlessness towards the guiltless sufferer, and towards the father who had sent him in love, is not all we see. In the middle of it rises a foreshadowing of Him who was to come, One infinitely greater than Joseph. He too was the Beloved of His Father, and sent as Son of Man in search of the lost.
The same writer notes which brother made the proposal — and what God later brought out of his line.
William KellyWe may notice that it was not Reuben or any other of the tribal heads who proposed the sale of Joseph. It was Judah. In his own house he later showed the evil that brought curse after curse. In the end he had to admit that Tamar, whom he had sentenced to die by fire, was more righteous than himself. Yet through this guilty Judah, and through Tamar, came He who cleanses from all sin by His blood. He will reign over the universe to God's glory, far beyond all that Joseph pictured, for He went far lower in humiliation and suffering.
From Hardness to Tenderness
Judah's story does not end with this bargain. Years later he speaks up about another younger brother.
F. B. HoleHe had taken the lead in selling Joseph to the Midianites going to Egypt, speaking with much hardness of heart. Now he has to speak about Benjamin, and what a change is clear! Instead of hardness, great tenderness of feeling, especially for his old father, Jacob. Then it did not matter how Jacob would feel: now it mattered everything to him. Here we see the working of a repentance not to be repented of.
Summary
- Calculation — Judah does not ask whether the deed is right, only what it pays.
- Cover — Calling Joseph "our brother" and keeping their hands clean dressed a crime up as restraint.
- Company — Reuben holds back, Judah sells, the rest agree. The degrees differ; all share the guilt.
- Christ — A father sends his beloved son; the brothers hand him to strangers. Writers see the shadow of a greater rejection — and the Redeemer came through guilty Judah's line.
- Change — The hard man who sold one brother later pleads for another. Commentators call that repentance at work.