And Esther said, “A foe and enemy! This wicked Haman!” Then Haman was terrified before the king and the queen.
At her second banquet, Esther finally answers the king's demand to know who plotted to destroy her people. She points to the guest sitting beside him — the king's own prime minister.
The answer that names him
The king does not yet know whom his own decree would kill. Esther's reply comes with no explanation and no softening.
Leslie M. GrantThe king had not yet connected Haman's recent decree with the Jewish nation. He asked in anger, "Who is he, and where is he, who would dare presume in his heart to do such a thing?" Esther's answer was brief, but like a lightning bolt: "The adversary and enemy is this wicked Haman!" (v. 6).
The writers here quote older Bible versions. The ESV reads, "A foe and enemy! This wicked Haman!"
What Esther chose not to say
The king had sealed the decree himself. Esther leaves that part unsaid.
William KellyThe king learns, to his amazement, how his own prime minister had trapped him into it. Esther, however, spoke only of the one who had malice against her people. The king would feel his own part in it.
The line Haman came from
The words "adversary and enemy" are not just personal insult. Haman's family had a long history with Israel.
William KellyThere is an enemy; there is one who tries to frustrate all the plans of God. Of all the races of the earth, one stood out as hostile to God's people of old — the Amalekites. The Lord swore against them, and called on His people to keep up constant war against that race. He would blot them out from under heaven. God's righteous judgment fell on the Amalekites in particular, because they hated His people. Now this Haman belonged not only to Amalek, but even to the royal family of Amalek.
Fear at the table
No one has touched Haman yet. Words alone break him.
Arno Clemens GaebeleinWith flashing eyes, she pointed her finger at the guest beside her and said, "An adversary and an enemy, even this wicked Haman!" The scene is beyond comparison. Then Haman was afraid before the king and the queen. He expected the terrible storm that would break over his head.
Haman understood at once what this meant.
William Kelly"Then Haman was afraid" — as well he might be — "before the king and the queen." Haman knew well that this was a sentence of death.
Why Esther waited two banquets
Esther could have named Haman at the first banquet. Her delay was deliberate.
The Christian's FriendEsther stands in very close fellowship with the mind of God. She seems to have watched God's method with these proud enemies, for she takes God's own way exactly with wicked Haman. She is not in a hurry. She lays her plans so that the heart of that Amalekite fills to the brim with pride. Then he would fall, in God's way, at the peak of that pride.
God's hand and Haman's guilt
Haman fell by his own plan. So was this just how things turned out?
Ernst-August BremickerGod does not only use circumstances or events to carry out His purposes. He also uses people — godly people like Mordecai and Esther, and ungodly, wicked people like Haman... The book of Esther shows this in the great enemy and hater of the Jews called "this wicked Haman" (7:6). In the end, his wickedness brought about his own destruction and their salvation. People may call this irony, but it is nothing of the kind. It was God's hand and purpose. It was also the result of Haman's own free choice, and he was fully responsible for all his decisions and actions.
A shadow of the last enemy
One writer reads the naming of Haman as a picture of something still ahead.
H. L. RossierIn our chapter we are still in the second phase. Here Esther receives vengeance on the enemy, as a first instalment of what was promised to her. This enemy is at last revealed as "the Adversary, the Enemy, the Wicked one" — names the Word gives to Satan and to the Antichrist. It is too late for him. Anguish grips this man who had sought the death of the righteous, and whose folly had gone so far as to attack Israel's protector!
Summary
- Ripened — Esther waits through two banquets. Haman's pride fills to the brim, and then he falls.
- Named — one sentence names the enemy. Esther accuses Haman alone, and lets the king feel his own part.
- Exposed — behind the man stands Amalek, the race under God's judgment for hating His people.
- Afraid — no one has passed sentence yet, but Haman already knows it means death.
- Reversed — his own wickedness destroys him and saves the people he targeted. God's hand was in it, and Haman was still fully responsible.