Paul and Silvanus and Timotheus to the assembly of Thessalonians in God our Father and [the] Lord Jesus Christ.
2 Thessalonians 1:1 · DarbyView all translations →

Second Thessalonians opens with the same three names as the first letter, and almost the same words. The readers were young believers under persecution. The greeting looks ordinary. Yet almost every phrase in it is unusual for Paul, and one phrase — the address he gives this church — appears nowhere else in his letters.

Three Names, No Title

Paul writes with two companions and drops the word "apostle" that heads most of his letters. One writer traces this to the state of the readers:

The Thessalonians knew Paul, Silvanus and Timothy. These men had been with them, and God used them to bring the gospel to them. He does not speak of himself as an apostle. In nine of his letters, Paul uses his title as apostle... He asserts his apostolic title and authority in the strongest way when he writes to the Galatians and the Corinthians. False teachers troubled those churches and questioned his apostolic calling. Since this trouble did not exist in Thessalonica, he does not remind them that he is an apostle. He did not parade his title. He mentions it only when someone questions the truth he preached, which he had received from the Lord.

Modernised from Arno Clemens GaebeleinOriginal wording

Sharing the letterhead with younger men was itself a choice:

Most men in his high position as the apostle to the Gentiles would not dream of putting smaller and younger men beside themselves in their inspired letters... Paul does name others beside himself in his inspired letters, and that shows humility, large-heartedness, consideration for others and fellowship.

Modernised from A J PollockOriginal wording

One Assembly in One City

The letter goes to "the church of the Thessalonians" — one assembly, not several. Size is not the reason:

Calling them "the church" has nothing to do with having fewer people, all gathered in one company. In no city, perhaps, were there more saints than in Jerusalem, yet we read of the church or assembly there. There might be many houses in a city where the saints met to break bread, but together they made up "the assembly" there. In short, Scripture never speaks of "assemblies" in a city, whatever the number, as it does of a province. It always speaks of "the assembly."

Modernised from William KellyOriginal wording

A Church Located "in God"

Paul's greetings usually name a city. This one names something else, and only in these two letters:

"The church of the Thessalonians which is in God the Father." The letters to the Thessalonians are the only place where we find the words "in God the Father" used to show where a church stands. In the other letters Paul usually says "the church of God which is at Corinth," or "the saints which are at Ephesus." Paul probably speaks of them this way because they had come to faith so recently. He takes this church at its birth, so to speak, and sees it only in its relationship to God. "One God and Father" — that is the first thought that springs from faith.

Modernised from J. N. DarbyOriginal wording

Being "in God" might sound like more than it means:

So we have, "The church of the Thessalonians which is in God the Father." That is not putting them in Deity. It is family relationship.

Modernised from C CrainOriginal wording

Why "Our" Father This Time

The first letter said "God the Father." Here Paul writes "God our Father." One writer finds purpose in both halves of the description and in that extra word:

He again describes the assembly as in God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. The first separates them from Gentiles, as the second separates them from Jews... For what did a Jew know more than a Gentile of such a new, living and intimate relationship with God as Father? And what did a Gentile know more than a Jew of a rejected but risen Lord and Saviour in heaven? He adds "our" here, which the first letter's opening did not have. Why? To fix these saints firmly in the relationship they share with the writer, and with all saints, to Him whose grace is the source of all blessing. They walked well in most respects, yet needed that reminder more than ever.

Modernised from William KellyOriginal wording

Comfort for a Persecuted Assembly

Persecution was still active. The greeting meets that pressure before Paul makes a single argument:

The apostle at the outset reminds them of the perfect security of the assembly. It was in God the Father, and in the Lord Jesus Christ. No power of the enemy could destroy it... He writes to the Thessalonian saints while persecution was active against them, and both times he reminds them that the assembly is perfectly secure. The enemy tried to stamp out the work of God there, and the strain fell on them. Yet neither false teaching nor careless living had done its withering work among them, so the apostle had no need to blame them for anything.

Modernised from The Christian's FriendOriginal wording

Summary

- Placed — Paul does not address this church only in Thessalonica. He addresses it in God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. No other church gets this description.

- Family — that phrase does not lift believers into Deity. It names a relationship: one God and Father, the first thought faith produces.

- Ours — the added "our" ties these believers to the writer and to all saints in one shared relationship.

- Separated — being in God the Father sets them apart from Gentiles; being in the Lord Jesus Christ sets them apart from Jews. Neither Jew nor Gentile knew either one.

- Safe — being in God is the answer to persecution: no power of the enemy can destroy an assembly held there.