Therefore he said, “What kind of cities are these that you have given me, my brother?” So they are called the land of Cabul to this day.
Solomon had just finished twenty years of building, and he repaid Hiram of Tyre with twenty cities in Galilee. Hiram came to look, disliked what he saw, and gave the district a name that stuck — so why did the gift disappoint him, and did Solomon have any right to give it?
The name Hiram gave
Hiram's name for the cities was a verdict, and it stuck. A reference work explains where it came from and what it meant:
Morrish Bible DictionaryThis is the name Hiram king of Tyre gave to the twenty cities in Galilee that Solomon gave him, because they did not please him. 1 Kings 9:13. Josephus says that in the Phoenician language the word meant "what does not please." It seems Hiram returned them to Solomon.
He did not hand the cities back on the spot. One writer reads his question as a complaint, not a refusal:
Leslie M. GrantThese cities did not please Hiram. He let Solomon know that they were less than pleasing. Yet he did not seem to refuse them. He only asked, "What kind of cities are these that you have given me, my brother?" He named them "Cabul," which means "good for nothing."
Land that was never Solomon's to give
The deeper fault lies with Solomon, not with Hiram. One law about who owns the land explains why, and it reaches believers today:
Leslie M. GrantSolomon did not have God's approval in giving away these cities. The Lord had already said, "The land shall not be sold in perpetuity, for the land is mine. For you are strangers and sojourners with me" (Lev. 25:23). Solomon had no right to give away the least part of the land. It did not belong to him: it belongs to God. Can we today give away any part of the inheritance God has given to believers "in heavenly places"? The inheritance belongs first of all to the Lord Jesus, and He shares it with us in grace. We are not free to give away any part of it.
What the world does with what it cannot value
Hiram meant well. That is what makes his reaction so telling:
H. L. RossierHiram could not value what meant so much to Solomon and to every Israelite… It is always like this. The world may act with the best intentions, as Hiram did. But when it simply — that is, without faith — has the use of the good things of Christianity that are our joy, it finds no taste for them. These things tire the world out. They count for nothing in its life. No doubt the world will keep them, so that it can boast at times of having them. But it cannot keep them in their original character. It does not value them at all, so it uses them to show off. And Satan uses these religious-looking things to spread his rule over more souls… The Christian who gives away the least part of his inheritance to the world, hoping to seem broad-minded, gains nothing. He only sees his own character dragged down, his religion despised, and in the end shame brought on God Himself.
The despised district and the One who came to it
The district Hiram wrote off is where the Lord Jesus later grew up:
Thomas GraySolomon gave him twenty cities in the region of Galilee. 1 Kings 9:10-14 tells us that Hiram came to look at them. He called them the land of Cabul, which means "as of nothing" or worthless. That is what he thought about Galilee. He was glad to be linked with Solomon in the splendour of his house and outward glory. But he counted the disgrace of Galilee as worth nothing. Into these conditions came the Lord Jesus. He grew up in Nazareth in poverty.
Why Chronicles tells it the other way round
In the parallel account in 2 Chronicles 8, Huram gives cities to Solomon instead. One writer sees a purpose in that:
Henri L. RossierHiram despised this gift and called these cities the "land of Cabul" (good for nothing). We have noted two things. The land of promise never had any value for the world. And Solomon was plainly unfaithful in signing away the Lord's land. As always in this book, Solomon's sin goes unmentioned… Instead of Solomon giving cities to Huram, in verse 2 we see Huram giving cities to Solomon. A day is coming when the world, which Tyre stands for in the Word, will come with its riches. It will admit that it owes tribute to Christ, and it will offer its finest cities as homes for the children of Israel.
Summary
- Worth misjudged. Cabul means "what does not please" — worthless. Hiram looked at God's land and priced it at nothing.
- Worth surrendered. The land was God's, not Solomon's: "the land is mine." Giving away even the least part of it was unfaithfulness.
- Worth despised. Hand God's good things to a world without faith, and it will keep them for show. It cannot keep them as they were.
- Worth guarded. Give away part of your inheritance to please the world, and you gain nothing. You lose your own good name, and shame falls on God.
- Worth vindicated. The Lord Jesus grew up in the region Hiram despised. And in Chronicles, Tyre gives cities to the king instead of scorning them.