These six [things] doth Jehovah hate, yea, seven are an abomination unto him
Proverbs 6:16 opens a short list with an odd count: six things God hates, then seven. Why count this way, and what is that hatred aimed at?
The list follows a portrait of a troublemaker in verses 12–15. One commentator notes how the evils are presented differently from there on.
William KellyLaziness is unworthy, and it is bad and unwise to be idle. It is far worse to be active in evil, for this works endless harm to others. The Holy Spirit first draws a portrait of the dangerous man in verses 12 to 15. Then, in verses 16 to 19, He presents the evils on their own, apart from the closing one — and they are strongly hateful to Jehovah.
The rising count is not a slip. It draws the eye forward, and it also signals that the list is a sample rather than a complete inventory.
L. M. GrantThough this is not a complete list of all the things the Lord hates, it is clear that many other evils grow out of these, and if so, then of course the Lord hates them too. It mentions six things first, then adds a seventh, as though the seventh is an afterthought, or is meant to draw special attention. People may think a proud look is a small thing, but even this is an abomination to the Lord (v. 17). "A lying tongue" nearly always points to hypocrisy — a wish to misrepresent the facts, usually for personal gain. This is so common that people think lightly of it, but God does not!
This could sound like God picking out people to loathe. One writer explains the direction of that hatred.
L. M. Grant"A false witness who breathes out lies" can only expect God's hatred (v. 19). God does not single out the individual to hate him. But God's hatred of falsehood is absolute. So anyone who chooses falsehood is placing himself on the side of falsehood, and comes under that same dreadful hatred.
One writer sets the items of the list against the life of Jesus, and each one is His exact opposite.
William KellyHaughty eyes come first, or a proud look. What a contrast with Him who made heaven and earth and everything in them, when He was willing to become man here below! He was the dependent and obedient man, gentle and humble in heart. He always looked up and did only what pleased His Father. He was full of compassion toward suffering people, and ready to forgive the sinful. "A lying tongue" comes next. Jesus was not only true, He was the truth; He alone. Far from Him were "hands that shed innocent blood," since He was Himself the holy sufferer to the very end. But in man there may be something worse still: "a heart that devises wicked plans," in hateful and unmistakable likeness to the evil one. What could be more opposed to Jehovah and His Anointed?
The seventh item is sowing discord. One writer weighs it against what it cost to bring believers together.
J. T. MawsonDivisions among the children of God are not of God, but are of the flesh and the devil, and they please a scoffing world very well. The one who "sows discord among brothers" is one of the seven abominations in God's sight; He hates him (Prov. 6:19), and no wonder, since Jesus died to make them one and to bring them into harmony with God.
It usually starts in a very ordinary way:
L. M. GrantThere are various ways of sowing discord, and it often begins with talebearing. That is far worse than people think. A story can be stretched so badly that the damage will likely never be undone. Let us be careful not to put anyone in a bad light without need. Of course, if someone is clearly an enemy of God, we may need to warn others of his evil character. But that is different from sowing discord among brothers.
God expects His people to share that hatred. One writer admits we find this hard.
Frank WallaceIt is very difficult for us as Christians to hate, and to hate in a righteous, spiritual way... The Lord Jesus hated things because they stood against His God, and we must have those features too. God expects His people to hate them, to root them out of our own lives first, and to allow no room for them in others.
- Sample, not survey. The rising count from six to seven shows the list is not complete. Other evils grow out of these, and God hates them too.
- Small sins, named. A proud look and a lying tongue head the list — things people treat lightly, and God does not.
- Sides, not targets. God's hatred of falsehood is absolute. Whoever chooses falsehood steps onto its side and comes under that hatred.
- Christ, the reverse image. Haughty eyes, a lying tongue, hands that shed innocent blood — each is the exact opposite of Jesus.
- Discord, the climax. The list keeps the seventh for last. Dividing God's children undoes what Jesus died to make one, and it starts with talebearing.
haughty eyes, a lying tongue, and hands that shed innocent blood;
Proverbs 6:17 sits inside a short list God Himself draws up: six things He hates, with a seventh added for weight. This verse holds the first three items — the eyes, the tongue, the hands — and it raises a sharp question: why does God put a mere look beside murder?
The chapter has been warning against laziness before it reaches this list.
William KellyLaziness is unworthy, and it is bad and unwise to be idle. But it is far worse to be active in evil, because this does endless harm to others. The Holy Spirit first draws a portrait of the dangerous man in verses 12 to 15. Then, in verses 16 to 19, He presents the evils impersonally, except at the end — and these are the evils Jehovah emphatically hates.
So the same evils are stated twice — once as a man you could point at, once as qualities that could turn up in anyone. That double witness is deliberate:
William KellyThey are set out in a more abstract style, which need not be in the same person. So in the mouth of these two divine testimonies every word might be the more established.
The count is not padding. The list also reaches beyond the seven items it names.
L M GrantThis is not a complete list of all the things the Lord hates. Yet many other evils clearly grow out of these, and if so, then of course the Lord hates them too. Six things are mentioned first, then comes "Yes, seven," as though the seventh is an afterthought, or is meant to draw special attention.
Pride heads the list, and it shows in nothing more than a look. That is the point of putting it first.
An Outline of Sound WordsPride is the first thing mentioned by the Lord, and it is the leading member of the seven things that are an abomination to the Lord (Prov. 6:17); it was the cause of Satan's downfall (Ezek. 28:17), and the cause of the fall of many another, as Scripture teaches: "One's pride will bring him low" (Prov. 29:23), and "Pride goes before destruction, and a haughty spirit before a fall" (Prov. 16:18). Pride marks nations, people, and cities alike.
Kelly sets the proud look against the humility of the Creator who became a man:
William KellyHaughty eyes come first, or a proud look. What a contrast with Him who made heaven and earth, and everything in them, when He stooped to become man here below! He was the dependent and obedient man, meek and lowly in heart. He always looked up and did only what pleased His Father. He was full of compassion toward suffering people, and ready to forgive the sinful.
The second item is the one people excuse most easily, and that is the danger in it.
L M Grant"A lying tongue" almost always shows hypocrisy. It is a wish to misrepresent the facts, usually for some personal advantage. Lying is so common that people make light of it — but not God!
God measures lying against His own glory:
William KellyJehovah concerns Himself about every lie. Lying lips are an abomination to Him, just like an idol set up to rival and ruin His glory. So those who not only speak but deal truly are His delight.
No one defends the third item. But the first murder happened before any law forbade it.
L M GrantEveryone's conscience speaks out against this, but some ignore their conscience completely. Cain did, when he killed his brother Abel (Gen. 4:8). No law such as "You shall not murder" existed then. Yet Cain knew he was a guilty man, and his lying proves it. God asked him, "Where is Abel your brother?" (Gen. 4:9).
Cain joins two of the three: his hands did the deed, and his tongue covered it.
This list is not for spectators.
Frank WallaceIt is often very difficult for us to hate as Christ hated, because some personal matter may stir up our hatred and our anger. But the Lord Jesus hated things because they stood against His God, and we too must have those features... God expects His people to hate them too, to make sure we first get rid of them in our own lives, and to make sure we allow them no room in others.
- Root. The list is not complete; many other evils grow out of these few, so God hates those too.
- Look. Pride comes first because it is the leading member — the cause of Satan's downfall and of many a fall since.
- Tongue. Lying is so common that people think lightly of it; God concerns Himself about every lie.
- Hands. Cain shed innocent blood before any law said "You shall not murder" — and his lying answer proved he knew.
- Mirror. Christ is the opposite of the proud look, and God's people must hate what He hates — starting in their own lives.
a heart that deviseth wicked imaginations; feet that are swift in running to mischief;
This verse sits in the middle of a short list of things the LORD hates. It names two of them, and they follow each other: evil is planned inside the heart, then rushed into action.
This list follows a warning about laziness. One writer notes that the danger has now moved up a level:
William KellyLaziness is unworthy, and it is bad and unwise to be idle. But it is far worse to be active in evil, for this does endless harm to others. In verses 12 to 15 the Holy Spirit first draws a portrait of the dangerous man. Then in verses 16 to 19 He sets out the evils themselves, without naming a person until the end — and the LORD strongly hates them.
The counting — six, and then seven — is itself deliberate:
L. M. GrantThis is not a complete list of everything the Lord hates. Still, it is clear that many other evils grow out of these, and if so, the Lord hates them too. Six things are listed first, and then it adds, "Yes, seven," as if the seventh came as an afterthought, or was meant to draw special attention.
The evils named just before this one can be seen from outside. This one cannot, and one writer calls it worse:
William KellyBut in man there may be something worse still: "a heart that devises wicked imaginations." Here he looks hatefully and unmistakably like the evil one. What can be more opposed to the LORD and His Anointed?
(Older translations read "wicked imaginations" and "swift in running to mischief"; the ESV has "wicked plans" and "make haste to run to evil.")
Devising is not a passing thought. It is work the mind does on purpose:
The Bible TreasuryEvil thoughts. These are the inward reasonings and debates of man's mind. Inside himself he weighs things up, he calculates, he plans his schemes of sinful pleasure or deliberate rebellion. "Things come into his mind, and he devises an evil device" (Ezek. 38:10; Micah 2:1-2)... The thoughts are hidden in the heart, and one of man's strange delusions is that they are therefore hidden from God, who knows everything.
What the heart plans, the feet rush to carry out. One writer puts a very different kind of running beside it:
William KellyDo we read of men's "feet swift and running to mischief"? The Son tells us of the father running to meet the prodigal son.
One writer finds both halves of the verse in a single man. Haman was an official at the Persian court:
L. M. GrantAnother thing the Lord hates is "a heart that devises wicked plans." This was true of Haman (Esther 3:8-10). Out of quiet hatred he planned to have all the Jews killed. God showed His own hatred of such evil by exposing Haman and putting him to death, and by judging those who joined him in this wicked plot. In fact, they were all bent on being swift to shed blood, their feet swift in running to evil (v. 18).
The same feet can be put to a completely different use. One writer traces that change through the whole body:
James BoydThat mouth, once "full of cursing and bitterness," is now full of blessing. That tongue, long used to "deceit," now spreads the word of truth and life... Those feet, once "swift to shed blood," now "shod with the preparation of the gospel of peace," run gladly in the paths of mercy. A new power, the Holy Spirit, has taken over this clay vessel, and the parts of the body have become instruments of righteousness.
The list is not only about what God hates. It asks something of the reader:
Frank WallaceIt is very hard for us as Christians to hate, and to hate in a righteous, spiritual way. The Lord could hate as perfectly as He loved... the Lord Jesus hated things because they stood against His God, and we have to share those same features... God expects His people to hate them too. He expects us to root them out of our own lives first, and then to allow no room for them in others.
- Worse than idle. Being lazy is bad. Being active in evil is far worse, because it does endless harm to others.
- Deeper than deeds. Behind the evils people can see lies the heart that plans, and there man looks like the evil one himself.
- Never hidden. Scheming feels private. Believing that God cannot see those thoughts is one of man's strange delusions.
- Faster than thought. Planning does not stay still; it moves to the feet. Haman plotted, and those with him ran to shed blood.
- Re-shod feet. The same feet, once swift to shed blood, can be shod with the gospel of peace. So the list is not only what God hates. It is what He expects His people to hate, and to clear out of their own lives first.
a false witness that uttereth lies, and he that soweth discords among brethren.
This verse ends a list of seven things the Lord hates. It names two people: the witness who lies, and the one who splits brothers apart. Why does God hate the ruining of relationships so much, and how does such a person work?
The verse closes a section that first sketches a dangerous man, then names the evils themselves.
William KellyLaziness is unworthy, and it is bad and unwise for anyone to be idle. But it is far worse to be active in evil, for this works endless harm to others. In verses 12 to 15 the Holy Spirit first draws a portrait of the dangerous man. Then, in verses 16 to 19, He presents the evils themselves rather than a person, apart from the last one — evils the Lord strongly hates.
God's hatred here is not arbitrary dislike of an individual. It follows from what the man has chosen to be.
L M Grant"A false witness who breathes out lies" can only expect God's hatred (v. 19). It is not that God singles out the individual to hate him. But God hates falsehood completely. So the one who chooses falsehood places himself on the side of falsehood, and comes under that same dreadful hatred.
The verse says he breathes out lies. One commentator shows why that is worse than an open attack:
William KellyBreathing out lies works better, and traps more people, than a loud, angry attack. A loud attack would catch attention and bring a quick answer that proves it false. But breathing out lies spreads the malice well, and spreads it widely, through trusted friends he has fooled, while the people he slanders never learn of the harm. It is a picture of complete corruption.
The earlier portrait in verses 12–15 shows what drives such a person. His trouble is not greed or ambition — it is a taste for friction itself.
William KellyThe evil has a root deeper than his perverse mouth; "deceits are in his heart." Other bad men may seek money, pleasure, or ambition. His heart is set on perverseness. Feeding that perverse spirit is his business and his life; "he devises mischief at all times." His pleasure is to set people against each other; "he sends out, or sows, discords." Anyone who bows to the written Word cannot doubt how a course so ungodly and malicious will end. And even now, how often a blow falls on evil in this world!
Discord usually starts small. And warning others about a real enemy of God is not the same thing.
L M Grant"One who sows discord among brothers" falls under the same hatred as his evil does, unless he judges this wickedness and stops. People sow discord in many ways. It often starts by carrying tales about others, which is far worse than people think. A tale is easily stretched, and the damage is likely never undone. Let us be careful not to put anyone in a bad light without need. Of course, if someone is clearly an enemy of God, we may need to warn others about his evil character. But that is different from sowing discord among brothers.
Two things show how serious this sin is: where division comes from, and what it cost to make God's people one.
J T MawsonDivisions among the children of God are not of God, but are of the flesh and the devil, and they please a scoffing world well. "One who sows discord among brothers" is one of the seven things God detests. He hates him (Prov. 6:19). No wonder, since Jesus died to make them one, and to bring them into harmony with God.
God's hatred of evil is the pattern for His people.
Frank WallaceThe Lord could hate as perfectly as He loved. He loved with perfection, and He hated with perfection... The Lord Jesus hated things because they stood against His God, and we have to have those features too... God expects His people to hate these things as well. We must first root them out of our own lives, and then make sure we do not allow them in others.
- Climax. The list of seven builds to this last item. Only here does it point to a person again — it ends with a man, not just a fault.
- Falsehood. God's hatred is not personal spite. The liar ties himself to the falsehood God hates, and shares its judgment.
- Method. He breathes out lies rather than shouting them. They spread through trusting friends, while the slandered person never hears a word.
- Motive. The sower of discord is not after money or pleasure. Setting people against each other is his business and his joy, and that course can only end in ruin.
- Cost. Jesus died to make His people one. Tearing them apart attacks what He died for. So His people must hate this evil, and root it out of themselves first.