And Jesus, having been baptised, went up straightway from the water, and lo, the heavens were opened to him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending as a dove, and coming upon him
Jesus steps out of the Jordan, heaven opens, and the Spirit comes down like a dove to rest on Him. The moment raises big questions: why does heaven open here and not before, why a dove, and why does the sinless One receive the Spirit at all?
This had never happened before. Jesus had just gone down into the water beside people confessing their sins. There heaven singled Him out:
J. N. DarbyHe takes His place among us; and note, He was always the same Person all along His path… Heaven opened! Never before had there been a person on whom heaven could open. Never before could a voice — the Father's voice — say, "This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased." There was nothing in Him but what heaven could delight in.
Another writer gives the reason. Heaven opened because of who was standing in the water:
Michael HardtThere lies the explanation. The heavens could now open. At last there was a man on earth who had the good pleasure of God and who, so to speak, drew it down upon Himself. "Heaven" could not remain silent. Christ was the One above all. He stood out from the crowd. Outwardly He was one of many who were baptised, but He had nothing to confess.
The Spirit took a visible shape, and writers read that shape as a portrait of the Person He came upon.
W T TurpinNotice the words, "the Spirit like a dove descending upon Him" — that is the form the descending Spirit took, no doubt expressing what He was in His own Person. The dove, as you know, was the bird of sorrow and the bird of love. So it was a fitting picture of what our Lord Jesus Christ was in His own holy, precious, glorious Person.
The dove also recalls the bird Noah sent out over the flood, which found nowhere to land:
An Outline of Sound WordsNoah's dove found no rest for the sole of its foot except on the ark. In the same way, the Holy Spirit found One on whom He could rest, where all around was waste and ruin.
Everyone else at the Jordan came confessing sin. Jesus had nothing to confess. One writer sets two pictures from the law side by side — the priests and the grain offering:
The Bible TreasuryIn lowly grace He submitted to the baptism of repentance, but with no need for repentance. He publicly joined those who had confessed their sins, having no sins Himself to confess. Will unbelieving hearts think otherwise of Him, and misread this act of grace? To check such a hateful charge, the heavens were torn open the moment He came out of the water. The Father, jealous for the glory of the Son, gave the Holy Spirit to rest upon Him… He was the fulfilment of the grain offering of fine flour mingled, and anointed, with oil, apart from the cleansing and atoning blood. So He stood in contrast with the priests of Aaron's line, who received the anointing oil after blood had been applied.
If He needed nothing, why did the Spirit come down on Him? One writer ties it to the work He was starting:
W T TurpinI need not say to you that the Holy Spirit's coming down on the Lord Jesus did not in any sense add to His perfection. He was as perfect before as afterwards; but it was in connection with His service on earth. It was God, as it were, setting His mark upon Him, and sealing Him for His work.
Anointing was also how Israel marked out its leaders:
The Bible TreasuryKings, priests and prophets entered their office by anointing with oil. Prophecy and picture alike pointed to the promised One being marked out in the same way. So when Andrew heard John the Baptist say that the Holy Spirit had come down on Jesus, he took the news straight to his brother Simon: "We have found the Messiah" (that is, the Christ).
Father, Son and Spirit all act in this one moment. One writer links that scene to the place believers are given:
J. N. DarbyThe veil torn, the heavens opened to us, sealed and anointed by the Father, owned by Him as His sons. When He was here as Man, the heavens opened at His baptism. He was sealed and anointed, and the Father owned Him as His Son. This is the first time that the Trinity was fully revealed. Then He goes to be tempted.
Heaven opened for Him by right. But He did not keep it to Himself:
Arno Clemens GaebeleinThe heavens were opened to Him. This is a significant word that is often overlooked. For Him alone the heavens are open… In Him the heavens are opened for us, and He has taken all of us who believe into heaven, bringing many sons to glory.
- Opened — heaven had never opened on a man before. It opened here because there was nothing in Him but what heaven could delight in.
- Rested — like Noah's dove over the flood, the Spirit found in Him the one resting place in a ruined world.
- Anointed — the oil came with no blood first, as with the grain offering, showing He had nothing to be cleansed from; that same anointing named Him Messiah, the Christ.
- Sealed — the Spirit's coming added nothing to His perfection. It marked Him out for the service He was starting.
- Shared — what was His by right becomes ours in Him: the heavens opened, sealed and anointed, owned as sons.
and behold, a voice out of the heavens saying, This is my beloved Son, in whom I have found my delight.
The voice at the Jordan comes as Jesus steps out of the water. He had just taken His place with the people being baptized. It raises three questions: why speak now, what is God approving, and who was meant to hear?
The Father's words answer what Jesus had just done in the water. That act could have looked like an admission of guilt.
William KellyDoes it not seem that this wonderful testimony of God the Father followed from Christ fulfilling all righteousness in the waters of the Jordan? It was the answer of God to the place that Christ, in His grace, had taken. It was God, jealous for the glory of His Son, who would not allow any suspicion to rest on this loveliest and lowliest of acts... Do not think He has sin. But if you are there, He is with you: if the sheep are in the waters, the shepherd must enter them too.
Kelly draws attention to the tense of the Father's approval.
William KellyJesus was clearly the delight of God as man — not merely because of a work that was going to be done. It was the Person Himself whom God acknowledged, and His Person even after He had identified Himself with the people who were baptized... "You are my beloved Son; with you I am well pleased" — not only "I am," but "I have been well pleased," "have found my delight." It looks back; it is not only about the present.
Darby pictures God's eye searching the earth the way Noah's dove searched for a resting place.
J. N. DarbyGod's eye passed over this earth like Noah's dove, over a world swept by the flood of sin. Until He saw Jesus here, His eye could find nowhere to rest in peace and satisfaction. On Him it could rest. As for showing its satisfaction, whatever its purposes, heaven stayed closed until Jesus... was on earth. The moment He presented Himself in public service, heaven opened, the Holy Spirit came down to dwell in Him, His one resting-place here. And the Father's voice could no longer be held back. From heaven He declares, "This is My beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased."
God had already given a verdict on the first man. This one is different.
William J. HockingWhen God saw the first man, Adam, fresh from creation, He called him "very good" (Gen. 1). But in the Second Man, the last Adam, the Father found His "delight." This delight in the One He sent is no surprise to us. We cannot even imagine the Father having His only Son close to His heart and not delighting in Him.
Three Persons act at once here — the Son in the water, the Spirit descending, the Father speaking. Kelly sees this as the moment God made Himself known as He never had before.
William KellyHe lived in the thick darkness... and a veil hid whatever showed of God's presence... Only Jesus made Him truly known. We see it where we would least expect it: in that act of incomparable grace when He was fulfilling all righteousness, baptized by John in the Jordan (Matt. 3:13-17). There, as the Holy Spirit descended on Him, the Father from heaven proclaimed Him to be His beloved Son. The Trinity stood revealed.
The voice reached the people standing by — but not them alone.
J. Wilson SmithSo we see that the voice spoke for His own ear as well as for the ears of others. The acknowledgment was personal as well as public. And so He was anointed with the Holy Spirit and with power for the ministry of His life here below.
The devil goes after this very title in the next chapter.
F. B. HoleThe devil always sows doubts of the Divine Word. Compare Matt. 3:17 with Matt. 4:3 and 6, and see how clearly this comes out. No sooner has God said, "This is My beloved Son," than the devil says twice over, "If you are the Son of God." The little word "if" is a great favourite with the devil!
The scene does not stay private between Father and Son.
J. N. DarbyGod has brought us to know Christ: "This is my beloved Son," that is what I delight in. The more we look at Him, the more we see there is the place God has brought us. If heaven opens on Him, it opens on us; if God owns Him as Son, He owns us as sons.
- Silence — heaven had no resting place on a ruined earth until Jesus stood on it.
- Voice — the words are God's answer to the lowliest act of Jesus's life, guarding Him from any suspicion of sin.
- Verdict — "well pleased" looks back over all that went before, and falls on the Person, not on work still to come.
- Revelation — Son in the water, Spirit descending, Father speaking: God makes Himself known as Father, Son and Spirit.
- Sharing — the heaven that opened on Him opens on us, and the God who owns Him as Son owns us as sons.