There therefore they made him a supper, and Martha served, but Lazarus was one of those at table with him.
Six days before the Passover, in the village where Lazarus had come out of the tomb, a small group set a table for Jesus. Each person gets one line: Martha serving, and Lazarus — once dead — now seated at the table as a guest. Commentators read this scene as a picture of what the Lord receives from those He has blessed.
Through His ministry Jesus was the one who gave. This meal reverses the direction.
It was not often that anyone made a feast for Christ in this world. At times men were glad enough to receive blessing from Him. How seldom they thought of offering anything to the Blesser! In the early days of His ministry, Levi had indeed "made Him a great feast in his house" (Luke 5:29). He invited a large company of sinners to sit down with Him. Now, at length, in the closing days of His path on earth, a feast is spread for Him at which He sits down among His saints.
It happened while the authorities were already moving against Him. (Where the ESV says "dinner", the older wording used in the quotes below is "supper".)
While the world's hatred of Christ was rising, there is a little company who gather to make "Him a supper". The leaders of this world may hold their councils to put Christ to death, and issue their commands for Christ to be delivered into their hands. But this little company are not moved by their evil plotting or their useless commands. In the face of all opposition, they make "Him a supper". Surely that supper was very acceptable to Him, and the love that prepared it very precious in His sight.
John does not say where the meal took place. The other Gospel writers do — and that detail explains why John mentions Lazarus at all.
Where did the supper take place? On this John is silent; but his fellow Evangelists have both put it on record. It took place in the house of Simon the leper... Once we know the supper was in his house, we see why John mentions Lazarus sitting at the table with the Lord that day. If the supper had been in Lazarus' house, such a notice would have been unnecessary.
The man at the table had recently been in a grave. His presence was itself evidence.
Lazarus at the table was the living witness of the glory of God in resurrection. Simon's house was full of people who knew that death had been robbed of its victory in Bethany. Those who had mourned at the tomb were now rejoicing at the table.
Martha had served the Lord before. She serves again here, but something has changed.
In this happy company at Bethany we can see service, communion and worship each represented, all combining to make "Him a supper". Martha still serves, but she is no longer burdened by her service. In earlier days her service had a larger place in her thoughts than Christ. Now Christ has a larger place than her service. She is serving to make "Him a supper".
The three people here do three different things, and none is out of step.
So it was at Bethany. Lazarus was at the table, Mary at the Master's feet, and Martha was about the house. Everything was in beautiful order, because Christ was the object of each one. Lazarus would have been out of place if he had set about preparing the supper. And if Martha had sat at the table, no supper would have been prepared. But both were in their right places. We may be sure that both would rejoice in the fragrance of Mary's ointment as she poured it on the feet of their ever-loving and beloved Lord.
Each response here traces back to what these people knew of Him.
Martha was hostess and served Him. Lazarus had his part with Him at the supper table. Mary expressed her heart's devotion to Him by spending her costly ointment on Him. So we see how the knowledge of Him and of His resurrection power led to service, to communion, and to worship. Everything was happily in order — and just because it was, hostile criticism spoke out against Mary's action.
- Raised. Lazarus at the table was the living witness of God's glory in resurrection. Those who had mourned at the tomb were now rejoicing at the meal.
- Received. People were glad to take blessing from Christ. They rarely thought of offering anything back to the Blesser. Here at last a feast is spread for Him.
- Released. Martha still serves, but she is no longer burdened. Christ now has a larger place in her thoughts than her service does.
- Right places. Each one is in a different place, and each is right, because Christ is the object of all three. Swap their roles and the beauty collapses.
- Result. Knowing Him and His resurrection power produced service, communion and worship. Criticism came just because everything was in order.
Mary therefore, having taken a pound of ointment of pure nard of great price, anointed the feet of Jesus, and wiped his feet with her hair, and the house was filled with the odour of the ointment.
Six days before the Passover, Jesus sits at supper in Bethany, with Martha serving and Lazarus at the table. Mary then pours a jar of costly perfume on His feet, and the question is what she saw that no one else saw.
Three people are at the table, each doing something different. Commentators read the group as a picture of every Christian gathering.
Here we have illustrated, in the most striking and forceful way, the three great features that ought to mark every Christian and every Christian assembly. There is calm, intelligent communion, as seen in Lazarus seated at the table. There is holy worship, as seen in Mary at the feet of her Lord. And there is loving service, as seen in Martha, busy about the house. Together they make up the Christian character, and every Christian gathering should show all three. We think it is a serious moral mistake to set one of these features against the others. Each, in its proper place, is lovely.
Mary had come to the feet of Jesus twice before this.
Mary had been at His feet before as a learner (Luke 10:39). She had lately wept at His feet as a mourner (John 11:32). Now she is at His feet as a worshipper. She anoints His feet with the very costly ointment and wipes His feet with her hair. Her act proclaims that, in her estimation, nothing she has is good enough for Christ. She spends the costly ointment on Him, and puts at His disposal what is the glory of a woman — her hair. She was not at that moment thinking of the poor or of blessing others; she was wholly taken up with Christ. This, indeed, is worship.
The amount matters, and so does where the perfume went.
A pound of ointment! Twelve ounces of pure nard, very costly! On whom before had so much been spent? But nothing was too costly for her to spend on Him. Mary's estimate of Christ stayed unchanged and unchangeable. She had once sat at His feet; now she anointed them. So John writes, while Matthew and Mark tell us she poured the ointment on His head. Only John says she wiped His feet with her hair. Her hair is a woman's natural ornament and covering, and such a use honoured it.
Mark adds one more detail: she broke the container itself.
No doubt she used her ointment without consulting anyone. She broke the alabaster box, or jar, that held it (Mark 14:3). No one else was ever to be anointed out of that box. It was broken. She meant that ointment for Him, and for Him alone. No word, as far as we read, escaped her lips as she anointed Him. Her act, however, spoke louder than words.
So where did such an act come from?
The action recorded here, and commended by the Holy Spirit, was the fruit of acquaintance with the heart of Christ. She made His heart and His desires her study, not her own. This is the great secret of true and approved devotedness. Many are giving Christ service, which is fine in itself, but which starts no further back than their own wishes and desires.
Commentators differ on how much Mary understood. One writer puts it this way:
I suppose her heart had gone beyond her knowledge — "Here is the One I love going to die." Mary entered into that and gave it a voice. The Lord knew what she meant. She was no prophet, but her heart had an instinctive sense of what was coming.
Her attention was on one Person, yet everyone in the room could smell what she had done.
All this prepares us for the statement that the house was filled with the fragrance of the ointment. This was a matter of fact. But underneath the fact lies a teaching. Nothing is so fragrant to the heart of God, or to the hearts of the saints in communion with Him, as an act of absorbing devotedness to Christ. Its fragrance spreads, like the first light of morning, until it reaches all who are in the house.
The same act meets two very different responses.
"And the house was filled with the fragrance of the ointment." God smells a sweet smell when we make much of His dear Son… Men, and even Christians like the disciples, call this waste — a waste of time. To them it is a whole hour or more spent in making much of God's Son, but doing nothing for man. Service, too, is right in its place, as in Martha. We will not neglect it if we are in communion with the Lord. Yet the highest thing of all is to make much of God's dear Son.
- Sat — Mary first sat at His feet as a learner; what she poured out there she had first taken in there.
- Saw — her act was "the fruit of acquaintance with the heart of Christ"; she studied His desires, not her own.
- Spent — twelve ounces of nard, the jar broken so no one else could ever use it, and her hair for a towel.
- Spread — her eyes were on one Person only, yet the fragrance reached everyone in the house.
- Shared — Lazarus in communion, Martha in service, Mary in worship. Never set the three against each other.