Job 39:19–25

Job 39:19

Hast thou given strength to the horse? hast thou clothed his neck with the quivering mane?

God has been questioning Job out of the whirlwind, from the foundations of the earth down to the wild animals. Now He points to the creature a man knows best — the horse — and asks who put that strength there and who dressed that neck.

A question, not a lesson

God's speech is a chain of questions Job cannot answer. This one aims at his pride, not at his knowledge of animals.

What have you to do with it? … It is a splendid description indeed, but it is all meant to overwhelm Job with the folly of pretending to talk about God.

William Kelly

Another writer states the aim of the entire series of questions:

To show that God is greater than man and to humble man, to bring Job to the needed true knowledge of himself and to deliver him from the pride of his heart.

Arno Clemens Gaebelein

Strength clothed in beauty

Older translations read "clothed his neck with thunder." The ESV has "clothe his neck with a mane." Commentators picture the same thing: a mane that quivers as the horse moves. Power and beauty arrive together.

Job is asked if he has given strength to the horse, and combined it with the grace and beauty expressed by his flowing mane. His prancing is as agile as the grasshopper. His neighing and shrill snorting strike terror to the heart… Here is a beast that is not exactly wild, yet it has all the strength and swiftness of the wildest. What part has Job had in devising and creating so remarkable a creature?

Samuel Ridout

Why the horse, of all creatures

The animals before this one are creatures a man watches from a distance. The horse is the one he owns and prizes, and that is why the question stings.

Here He comes down to where we might be disposed to think ourselves at home. Other animals may be strange and distant. Man, and the Arab above all, might imagine he has some right to speak about what he most loves to use for work or ease, for pride or love. But what had he to do with giving the horse its might or fluttering mane? its locust-like bound? the glory of its snorting, a terror to others?

William Kelly

The wrong thing to trust

The horse's strength is God's gift, so it can never take God's place. God's people needed that warning.

God warned His people not to put their trust in this mighty agent of war: "The war horse is a false hope for salvation." … It is He who "has triumphed gloriously; the horse and his rider He has thrown into the sea" (Exodus 15:1). Jehovah is infinitely exalted above all His creatures. Let Job remember how small he too is, and humble himself before Him who is God over all. His deliverance must come, not from horses, but from the Lord on high.

Samuel Ridout

Israel's law made the same point.

Horses were forbidden to Israel (Deuteronomy 17:16), and they were brought from Egypt. In Scripture the horse stands for strength (Job 39:19; Psalm 147:10), swiftness (Jeremiah 4:13; Habakkuk 1:8), fearlessness (Job 39:18; Jeremiah 8:6), majesty (Esther 6:8), and strength in the battle.

The Bible Treasury

Where real power comes from

The horse stands for power. One writer uses that picture to ask why Christians show so little of it.

The horse is a symbol of power… Now the Holy Spirit is given that the believer may have power. Our Lord told the disciples to wait for the promise of the Father — "until you are clothed with power from on high." Why are Christians so little marked by power? We fear Christians do not judge the flesh on the one side, or walk in the Spirit on the other. Do both, and there will be power.

A J Pollock

Summary

- Given — God handed the horse its strength. The horse never earned it, and Job never supplied it.

- Clothed — God dressed that neck with a quivering mane. He joins beauty to force, so His strength is never brute force alone.

- Near — God picks the animal man prizes and handles most. The question lands where Job felt sure of himself.

- Trusted — the strength is God's gift, so leaning on it is folly. Deliverance comes from the Lord, not from horses.

- Received — no one can manufacture this strength. It must be received, and so Christ told His disciples to wait for power from on high.

Job 39:20

Dost thou make him to leap as a locust? His majestic snorting is terrible.

God's questions from the whirlwind have moved from one creature to the next, and now they reach the animal Job knew best — the war horse. He asks who gave it that leap and that terrifying snort.

What the Words Describe

The picture is a horse ready for battle. One commentator walks through the details — strength, mane, leap and snort — and asks who supplied them:

Jehovah moves on naturally from the swiftness of the ostrich to the horse. The horse is a picture of swiftness, strength and grace, and here it is the war horse above all. Job is asked if he has given strength to the horse, and joined it to the grace and beauty of his flowing mane. His prancing is as nimble as a grasshopper's. His neighing and shrill snorting strike terror into the heart... What part has Job had in devising and creating so remarkable a creature?

Samuel Ridout

Older translations read the first line as making the horse "afraid as a grasshopper." The ESV instead pictures a leap like the locust's.

Why God Chose the Horse

The other creatures are strange and distant. This one man had tamed and taken pride in, and that is why the question lands so hard.

From this Jehovah turns to the war horse. He describes it in a way worthy of Him who spoke. The impression is all the more vivid, because here He comes down to ground where we might think ourselves at home. Other animals might be more or less strange and distant. Man, and the Arab above all, might imagine he had some right to speak of what he most loves — to use for work or for ease, for pride or affection. But what had he to do with giving the horse its might or its fluttering mane? its locust-like bound? the glory of its snorting, a terror to others?

William Kelly

Strength Man Could Never Have Invented

A horse obeys its rider, yet none of its courage comes from the rider. Man can tame such a creature; he could never have thought it up.

The Lord now turns to the horse. It is a tame animal, very strong and remarkably fearless, yet controlled by its rider. Had Job given such strength to this amazing creature? (v.19). Or could he frighten him? (v.20)... He does not shy away from danger, but rushes right into it... Again, this is another creature that man would not have thought of creating, especially any man who loves peace. Job meets it as one more object lesson, telling him that God is greater than Job.

Leslie M. Grant

A Power Never Meant to Be Trusted

The animal that terrifies an enemy is the wrong place to rest your hope.

The horse, especially in the days our book speaks of, and in the East, was used mainly in war. God warned His people not to put their trust in this mighty instrument of war: "The war horse is a false hope for salvation." "Some trust in chariots and some in horses, but we trust in the name of the LORD our God" (Ps. 20:7). It is He who "has triumphed gloriously; the horse and his rider He has thrown into the sea" (Ex. 15:1). Jehovah is infinitely exalted above all His creatures. Let Job remember how small he too is, and humble himself before Him who is God over all. His deliverance must come, not from horses, but from the Lord on high.

Samuel Ridout

The Aim of the Question

The magnificence of the description is not the point. God aims it at a man who had been talking about Him beyond his knowledge.

Now He comes to the horse itself, and the war horse in particular... "Can you make him leap like the locust? His majestic snorting is terrifying" (vv. 19–25). Well, it is a splendid description indeed. But it is all meant to overwhelm Job with the folly of pretending to talk about God.

William Kelly

Where the Believer Finds Power

One writer applies the picture to the Christian, whose power must also come from outside himself.

The horse is a symbol of power... Now the Holy Spirit is given that the believer may have power. Our Lord told the disciples to wait for the promise of the Father — "until you are clothed with power from on high." Why are Christians so little marked by power?

A J Pollock

Summary

- Given, not gained — the leap and the snort are strength God gave. Job could not create the horse or frighten it.

- Given at home — God picks the one creature man tames and boasts in. Even there, nothing starts with man.

- Given, so unmatched — no peace-loving man would have dreamed up a horse that charges into danger.

- Given, so not to be trusted — Scripture calls the war horse a false hope. Deliverance comes from the Lord, not from strength.

- Given, so be humbled — all this splendour is meant to silence a man who talked about God beyond his knowledge.

Job 39:21

He paweth in the valley, and rejoiceth in [his] strength; he goeth forth to meet the armed host.

God answers Job by walking him through one creature after another — the lion, the wild ass, the ostrich, and now a war horse straining to charge. Why answer a man's hard questions about his own life with an animal that runs toward battle?

The Parade of Creatures

The horse does not stand alone. It is one in a line of creatures God sets before Job.

Jehovah has shown the wonders of lifeless creation above, beneath, and around. Now He turns to the animal kingdom. The lion, the raven, the wild goat or ibex, the wild ass, the wild ox, the ostrich, the horse, the hawk, and the eagle appear one after another. They are there to convince the man who ventures to sit in judgment on God's doings of his own ignorance and powerlessness.

William Kelly

Familiar Ground

The earlier creatures were distant and wild. The horse is the one animal a man owns and uses — which is why God picks it.

From this Jehovah turns to the war-horse. He describes it in a way worthy of Him who spoke. The impression is all the more vivid, because here He comes down to ground where we might be inclined to think ourselves at home. Other animals might be more or less strange and distant. Man, and Arab man above all, might think he had some right to speak of what he most loves to use for work or comfort, for pride or affection. But what had he to do with giving the horse its might or its fluttering mane? its locust-like bound? the glory of its snorting, a terror to others? its pawing, impatient of restraint, and exulting in its strength? or its fearless advance, no matter what the clang or the flash of arms?

William Kelly

Straight at the Danger

The pawing in the valley belongs to an animal that runs toward danger instead of away from it.

The Lord now turns to consider the horse. It is a tame animal, with great strength and no fear at all, yet controlled by his rider. Had Job given such strength to this amazing creature? (v.19). Or could he frighten him? (v.20). It is a war horse particularly in this case, an animal that "goes out to meet the weapons" (v.21). He does not shy away from danger, but rushes right into it. Swordsmen opposing him do not slow him down (v.22)... Though he is not a wild animal, when engaged in war, he seems to have the qualities of the wildest of animals.

Leslie M. Grant

That raises a question: who would ever design a creature like this?

Again, this is another creature that man would not have thought of creating — least of all a man who loved peace. It is one more object lesson for Job, to tell him God is greater than Job.

Leslie M. Grant

Strength No One May Lean On

The horse's strength is real. God still told His people not to lean on it.

In the days our book speaks of, and in the East, the horse was mainly an animal of war. God warned His people not to trust this mighty instrument of war. "The war horse is a false hope for salvation." "Some trust in chariots and some in horses, but we trust in the name of the LORD our God" (Ps. 20:7)... So infinitely exalted is Jehovah above all His creatures. Let Job remember how small he too is, and humble himself before Him who is God over all. His deliverance must come, not from horses, but from the Lord on high.

Samuel Ridout

The Point of the Portrait

The beauty of the description is not the goal. The goal is a man with nothing left to say.

Now He comes to the horse itself; and the war horse in particular... What have you to do with it?... Well, it is a splendid description indeed, but it is all for the purpose of overwhelming Job with the folly of his pretending to talk about God.

William Kelly

What God displays in horses and eagles is meant to be carried over into something far weightier.

In fact, Job was laid low on every point. In every possible way he was overwhelmed with the sense of his own ignorance and presumption. He had been talking about the far more wonderful ways of a God who deals with a man's heart, man's soul, man's circumstances now... It was God showing His majesty, power, wisdom and goodness in outward things. If that were true of God, how much more in spiritual things?

William Kelly

Power for the Believer

One writer takes the charging horse as a picture of a power the Christian is meant to know.

The horse is a symbol of power. Read the graphic description of the horse by the Lord in Job 39:19-25... Now the Holy Spirit is given that the believer may have power. The disciples were told by our Lord to wait for the promise of the Father — "until you are clothed with power from on high." Why are Christians so little marked by power? We are afraid... the way is not made plain... in other words, on the one side to judge the flesh, on the other to walk in the Spirit. Then there will be power.

A J Pollock

Summary

- Given, not earned. The horse's strength and courage come from God. Job did not give them, and no rider can.

- Chosen on purpose. God picks the one animal man tames, so the lesson lands on familiar ground, not out in the far desert.

- Fearless by design. It runs at the danger it should flee — a creature no peace-loving man would have invented.

- Never a refuge. Real strength is still a false hope for salvation. Deliverance comes from the Lord, not from horses.

- Silence, then trust. God's wisdom and goodness show like this in outward things. How much more in His dealings with a human heart.

Job 39:22

He laugheth at fear, and is not affrighted; neither turneth he back from before the sword.

God has been putting question after question to Job. At this point the subject is the war horse, an animal that runs at armed men instead of away from them. The question underneath the picture is simple: who put that courage there, and what claim does Job have on it?

Why God Points at a Horse

The horse section is not a nature lesson for its own sake. God is answering a man who had talked about His ways as though he understood them.

Now He comes to the horse itself, and the war horse in particular. "Have you given the horse strength? Have you clothed his neck with thunder?" What have you to do with it? … It is a splendid description indeed, but it is all for the purpose of overwhelming Job with the folly of his pretending to talk about God.

William Kelly

Fearlessness That Runs Toward the Danger

The verse describes more than calm nerves. The horse does not just put up with the battle. It heads into it, and armed men in front of it change nothing. Yet all that force still answers to a rider.

The Lord now turns to the horse. It is a tame animal, very strong and remarkably fearless, yet controlled by its rider. In this case it is a war horse, an animal that charges into the clash of arms (v.21). He does not shy away from danger, but rushes right into it. Swordsmen opposing him do not slow him down (v.22).

Leslie M. Grant

The One Animal Man Thinks He Owns

Other creatures in these questions feel strange and distant. The horse does not. It is the animal a man would most readily claim as his own, and still he gave it nothing.

From this the LORD turns to the war horse. He describes it in a way worthy of Him who spoke. The impression is all the deeper, because here He comes down to where we might think ourselves at home. Other animals might be more or less strange and distant. But man, and the Arab above all, might think he has some right to speak about what he most loves to use — for work or ease, for pride or love. What did he have to do with giving the horse its might, or its fluttering mane? … Or its undismayed advance, no matter what the clang or the flash of weapons?

William Kelly

A Design No Human Mind Would Have Produced

Left to himself, a man would never have thought up an animal that enjoys a battlefield. That is part of God's argument to Job.

Here is another creature that man would not have thought of creating, especially any man who loves peace. Job faces this as another object lesson, to tell him that God is greater than Job.

Leslie M. Grant

Strength Worth Admiring, Not Trusting

The same courage God praises here is the courage His people were warned never to lean on. Admiring the horse and trusting it are two different things.

The horse, especially in the days our book speaks of, and in the East, was chiefly used in war. God warned His people not to put their trust in this mighty instrument of war. "The war horse is a false hope for salvation." "Some trust in chariots and some in horses, but we trust in the name of the LORD our God" (Psalm 20:7). … Let Job remember how small he too is, and humble himself before Him who is God over all. His deliverance must come, not from horses, but from the Lord on high.

Samuel Ridout

Where the Believer's Courage Comes From

The horse can also be read as a picture of power. If that is so, where does a Christian's own power come from?

The horse is a symbol of power. Read the striking description of the horse by the Lord in Job 39:19-25. … Now the Holy Spirit is given so that the believer may have power. Our Lord told the disciples to wait for the promise of the Father — "until you are clothed with power from on high." Why are Christians so little marked by power?

A. J. Pollock

Summary

- Given, not earned. God put this fearlessness into the horse. Job added nothing.

- Given closest to home. God chose the animal man feels most entitled to claim. Even there Job had no answer.

- Given beyond invention. No peace-loving man would invent a creature that runs into battle. God is greater than Job.

- Given, so not to be trusted. God warned His people not to lean on the very strength He praises. Deliverance comes from the Lord, not from horses.

- Given still today. If the horse pictures power, the believer's power is a gift too — the Holy Spirit, promised by the Father.

Job 39:23

The quiver rattleth upon him, the glittering spear and the javelin.

Commentary for this verse has not been generated yet.

Job 39:24

He swalloweth the ground with fierceness and rage, and cannot contain himself at the sound of the trumpet

God answers Job out of the storm. He points him to a war horse in full charge — a creature so wild with fury that no trumpet blast can settle it. The real question is not about horses. Who gave this animal its power? And what does that say about the man who has been arguing with its Maker?

The Creature Job Cannot Account For

God picks the horse on purpose. Of all the animals in this chapter, it is the one a man might feel he knows — until God asks him who put the fire in it.

From this Jehovah turns to the war-horse, and He describes it in a way worthy of Him who spoke. The picture strikes us all the more because here He comes down to ground where we might think ourselves at home. Other animals may seem strange and distant to us. But a man — an Arab above all — might think he has some right to speak about the creature he most loves to use, for work or comfort, for pride or affection. Yet what did he have to do with giving the horse its strength, or its fluttering mane? Its leap like a locust's? The glory of its snorting, a terror to others? … See how in its furious rage it seems to bite the ground. Nothing can hold it back when the trumpets sound.

William Kelly

Swallowing the Ground

The phrase describes speed, not appetite. The horse covers ground so fast that the earth disappears under him. The weapons around him do nothing to slow his charge.

Nothing can turn him from his onward dash to meet the charging hosts. The weapons and gear of his rider clash against his sides as he rushes over the ground, "swallowing it" in his headlong speed. Here is an animal that is not exactly wild, yet is given all the strength and speed of the wildest. What part did Job have in designing and creating such a remarkable creature?

Samuel Ridout

You might expect weapons and noise to stop him. They do the opposite.

The spear and the javelin mean nothing to him, but the clash of arms seems only to increase his fierceness and rage (v.24). He is not a wild animal, yet in war he seems to have the qualities of the wildest of animals. The sound of the trumpet does not stop him, but spurs him on (vv.24-25). As long as the noise and shouting of the battle goes on, he keeps advancing.

Leslie M. Grant

Why the Parade of Animals

The horse is not alone. God parades one creature after another in front of Job, and the list has a purpose.

The lion, the raven, the wild goat or ibex, the wild donkey, the wild ox, the ostrich, the horse, the hawk and the eagle appear one after another. They come to convince the man who dares to sit in judgment on God's doings that he is ignorant and powerless.

William Kelly

Kelly says plainly what the beauty of the description is for:

Well, it is a splendid description indeed, but it is all for the purpose of overwhelming Job with the folly of his pretending to talk about God.

William Kelly

Strength That Cannot Save

A creature this strong is still only a creature. Scripture warns against trusting it.

In the days our book speaks of, and in the East, the horse was used mainly for war. God warned His people not to put their trust in this mighty agent of war: "The war horse is a false hope for salvation." "Some trust in chariots and some in horses, but we trust in the name of the Lord our God" (Ps. 20:7). It is He who "has triumphed gloriously; the horse and his rider He has thrown into the sea" (Ex. 15:1). Jehovah is exalted far above all His creatures. Let Job remember how small he is too, and humble himself before the One who is God over all. His deliverance must come, not from horses, but from the Lord on high.

Samuel Ridout

(Scripture here follows the ESV. Older versions read "The horse is a vain thing for safety" and "we will remember the name of the Lord our God.")

From Outward Power to Inward Lesson

The speech never names Job's real problem. It argues from the visible to the invisible and leaves him to draw the line.

In fact, God laid Job low at every point. In every possible way He overwhelmed him with the sense of his own ignorance, and of how bold he had been to talk about the far more wonderful ways of a God who deals with a man's heart, his soul, his circumstances now. The Lord does not express that last part. It was God showing His majesty, power, wisdom and goodness in outward things. If that were true of God, how much more in spiritual things?

William Kelly

One writer takes the same picture forward as an image of what believers lack and need:

The horse is a symbol of power… Now the Holy Spirit is given that the believer may have power. The disciples were told by our Lord to wait for the promise of the Father — "until you are clothed with power from on high." Why are Christians so little marked by power?

A J Pollock

Summary

- Power given. The horse's fierceness and rage are not his own doing. God asks Job who gave the creature its strength, its mane, its leap and its terrifying snort.

- Power unstoppable. He swallows the ground in headlong speed. Spear and javelin only sharpen his fury. The trumpet that should stop him drives him on.

- Power borrowed. Strong as he is, he is still a creature. Scripture calls the war horse a false hope for salvation. Deliverance comes from the Lord, not from horses.

- Power that humbles. The whole parade of creatures is aimed at one man. It shows Job that he is ignorant and powerless, and in no place to sit in judgment on God's doings.

- Power applied. God shows His wisdom and goodness in a creature like this. How much more in His dealings with a man's heart? That was the lesson Job had to learn.

Job 39:25

At the noise of the trumpets he saith, Aha! and he smelleth the battle afar off, the thunder of the captains, and the shouting.

God's questions about the horse end on a battlefield. The animal hears the trumpet, answers it, and catches the scent of war before it arrives. The picture is vivid. The question behind it is sharper: who put that fearlessness there, and what does that say about the God Job has been arguing with?

Why God Describes a Horse at All

God is not giving Job a nature lesson. Its aim is to break a man's confidence in his own judgment about God.

Now He comes to the horse itself, and to the war horse in particular. "Have you given the horse strength? Have you clothed his neck with thunder?" What have you to do with it? (vv. 19-25). It is a splendid description indeed, but it is all for the purpose of overwhelming Job with the folly of his pretending to talk about God.

William Kelly

The horse is one item in a long parade. God brings out each creature as evidence in the same case.

From the wonders of the lifeless creation above, beneath and around, Jehovah now turns to the animal kingdom. The lion, the raven, the wild goat or ibex, the wild ass, the wild ox, the ostrich, the horse, the hawk and the eagle appear one after another. They show the man who dares to sit in judgment on God's doings how ignorant and powerless he is.

William Kelly

The Cry Among the Trumpets

The cry "Aha!" is the horse's answer to the trumpet, and one Hebrew word carries it.

The war-horse answers the trumpet with Ha, Ha: he is ready. Job 39:25. The same Hebrew word is translated AH, AHA.

Morrish Bible Dictionary

The noise that ends the verse — the thunder of the captains and the shouting — only drives him forward. What would send another animal running does the opposite here.

He does not shy away from danger, but rushes right into it. Swordsmen opposing him do not slow him down (v. 22). The spear and the javelin mean nothing to him, but the clash of arms seems only to increase his fierceness and rage (v. 24). Though he is not a wild animal, when engaged in war he seems to have the qualities of the wildest of animals. The sound of the trumpet does not stop him, but spurs him on (vv. 24-25). As long as the noise and shouting of the battle continues, he continues his advance.

Leslie M. Grant

Courage That Was Given

Job did not give the horse its strength. God presses that point on him.

Did Job give the war horse his strength, or clothe his neck with the rustling mane, or make him leap like the locust? The picture of the war horse in battle is sublime too. God shows Job a glimpse of His works, and of the wisdom that created them, as well as His care in keeping them. Such is the God whom Job has spoken against.

Arno Clemens Gaebelein

Magnificent, and Still No Refuge

Admiring the animal is one thing; leaning on it is another. One writer sets this animal beside God's warning to Israel.

The horse, especially in the days our book speaks of, and in the East, was used chiefly in war. God warned His people not to put their trust in this mighty instrument of war: "The war horse is a false hope for salvation." "Some trust in chariots and some in horses, but we trust in the name of the LORD our God" (Ps. 20:7). It is He who "has triumphed gloriously; the horse and his rider he has thrown into the sea" (Ex. 15:1). So infinitely exalted is Jehovah above all His creatures. Let Job remember how small he is, and humble himself before Him who is God over all. His deliverance must come, not from horses, but from the Lord on high.

Samuel Ridout

The Power Christians Lack

Another writer reads the horse as a picture of power and asks why believers show so little of it.

The horse is a symbol of power. Read the graphic description of the horse by the Lord in Job 39:19-25... Now the Holy Spirit is given so that the believer may have power. Our Lord told the disciples to wait for the promise of the Father — "until you are clothed with power from on high." Why are Christians so little marked by power?

A. J. Pollock

Summary

- Given — the horse's fearlessness is strength God handed out; Job never gave it, and could not have.

- Given, therefore humbling — God lines the horse up with the lion, ostrich, hawk and eagle. Job judged God's ways, yet he knows and controls nothing.

- Given, and eager — the cry at the trumpet means "he is ready"; spears and shouting only speed him up.

- Given, but not a refuge — God warned Israel not to trust horses; deliverance comes from the Lord, not from the strongest creature He made.

- Given, and still on offer — the God who clothed this neck with thunder now gives His Spirit; the Christian receives power and never produces it.