Wherefore dost thou hide thy face, and countest me for thine enemy?
Job has stopped arguing with his three friends and turned to God Himself. His cry here is the sharpest in the book so far: a hidden face, and a man counted among God's foes. Two questions follow. Is the charge true? And what should a suffering believer do when God seems silent?
Why is Job speaking to God at all, instead of answering his friends?
F. B. HoleHe did not claim to be better than his friends, but he was certainly not below them. Still, he admitted that God's dealings puzzled him, since they were far above him and out of his sight. So, as verse 3 shows, what he wanted was to speak to the Almighty and reason with God, instead of spending his time reasoning with his friends.
The words sound like a plea, but they carry a charge. Job says God treats an innocent man as guilty. Later in the book, Elihu quotes the complaint back to him.
Samuel Ridout"Behold, He finds occasions (or, malicious things) against me, He counts me as His enemy" (Job 33:10)… "Why do You hide Your face and count me as Your enemy?" (Job 13:24; so also Job 19:11). So the insult against divine majesty becomes glaring — Job is pure, but God treats him as impure!
Gaebelein traces the outburst back to how Job saw himself:
Arno Clemens GaebeleinHe breaks out in fresh charges against God. His self-righteousness has blinded him so that he asks, "Why do You hide Your face and count me as Your enemy?" He brings terrible charges against his Maker — charges of injustice.
Did Job ever claim there was no sin in him?
William KellyHe never said anything of the kind; he never had the presumption to say, "I am clean in Your eyes." No, no, far from it. Sadly, he had rested in being clean in his own eyes, and in other people's eyes. But he had to learn that being clean in God's eyes was a very different thing. He begins to learn that more and more deeply.
What comes after the question is a list of what Job thinks God is doing to him.
Samuel RidoutGod holds him as an enemy. He drives him like a withered leaf before the wind. He accuses him of those almost forgotten sins of youth (ah, Job, it seems that even you must admit there have been sins). He watches him, and makes his imagined robe of righteousness look like a moth-eaten garment. So Job charges his Maker, and does not pause to hear what He will reply.
Later in the book, Elihu answers this charge:
Samuel RidoutWill he apologise for the apparent discrepancy in God's ways, and seek to explain it away? No; in one brief sentence he sets aside all human reasoning — "God is greater than man." In other words, God is God. If we are to reason, let it not be from the lesser to the greater, but from the greater to the less. Let us say, How could the Almighty, all-perfect Being commit an unrighteous act? "Shall not the Judge of all the earth do what is just?" (Gen. 18:25).
Job wants to speak to God and dreads Him at the same time.
Samuel RidoutBut how dare he speak before the One he would instinctively flee from? … How these words, beautiful in their very anguish, cry aloud for the blessed Daysman, the Mediator! Blessed be God, we can "with confidence draw near to the throne of grace, that we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need." Job could only grope in darkness.
Job's place in history matters too:
James McBroomWe must also remember that the saints of earlier days were not in as good a position as we are today. … The blessed God doubtless met them in their needs, but they did not have, as we do, a sympathising high Priest in heaven. … This man, along with David and Hezekiah, shows us the saint in bodily suffering.
- Turning. Job stops arguing with his friends and takes his case to God. But he brings his self-defence with him.
- Accusing. The question is a charge in disguise: that God treats a pure man as impure. Elihu later quotes it back as proof.
- Blinded. Job never claimed to be sinless. He rested in being clean in his own eyes. He had yet to learn what it means to be clean in God's.
- Answered. The reply is not an explanation of God's ways but a word about God: "God is greater than man." Reason from the greater down, not the lesser up.
- Provided. Job cried out for a Mediator he could not see. Believers now have a sympathising High Priest, and a throne of grace they can draw near to with confidence.
Wilt thou terrify a driven leaf? and wilt thou pursue dry stubble?
Job is deep in suffering and has turned from arguing with his three friends to speaking directly to God. He has just asked why God hides His face, and now he asks why such power would bother with such weakness.
Job never claimed to be free of sin. He had rested in looking clean to himself and to other people, and here he shows a man with no strength of his own.
William KellyDid he say that there was no sin in him? He never said anything of the kind; he was never so bold as to say, "I am clean in Your eyes." No, no, far from it. Sadly, he had rested in being clean in his own eyes and in the eyes of other people. He had to learn that being clean in God's eyes was a very different thing. He begins to learn that more and more deeply. "Why do You hide Your face and count me as Your enemy? Will You frighten a driven leaf?" Was that a person pretending to any strength?
Job's question is not only about weakness but about worth. He cannot see why God would trouble Himself with something so small. (Where the ESV says "dry chaff," older translations read "dry stubble.")
Leslie M. GrantBecause God did not respond, Job thought God considered him an enemy (v.24). He compared himself to a leaf or to dry stubble, not worth any attention. Why would God frighten an object so insignificant?
Job speaks honestly, but his words turn into charges against God. He states his case and does not wait to hear the reply.
Samuel RidoutAnd yet at once he renews his charges against God. He is not yet ready to let go of his imagined righteousness. God holds him as an enemy. God drives him like a withered leaf before the wind. God accuses him of those almost forgotten sins of youth (ah, Job, it seems that even you must admit there have been sins). So Job charges his Maker, and does not pause to hear what He will reply.
Job asked for relief, and for the reason behind his suffering. He could not see what that suffering was doing in him.
William KellyHe asked only for relief from suffering, and that the dread of Him should not overwhelm him. He wanted to find out all that was wrong in himself. He begged to know why he was driven to and fro like a leaf or dry stubble. He did not yet know the grace that was giving him self-judgment. He sees only a record kept of bitter things, and himself made to inherit his youthful iniquities.
The verse is a real prayer, torn out of a man in physical agony. Commentators place Job alongside others in Scripture who prayed like this.
James McBroomThis man, along with David and Hezekiah, shows a believer suffering in his body. "Why do You hide Your face and count me as Your enemy? Will You frighten a driven leaf and pursue dry chaff?" (Job 13:24-25). "O Lord, rebuke me not in Your anger, nor discipline me in Your wrath" (David, Ps. 6:1). For Hezekiah, see Isaiah 38. What good would a prayer book or a written form of prayer have been to men in such circumstances? No one can predict the distresses of the heart.
Job feels God's hand pressing hard on him. There is a worse place to be than that.
J Wilson SmithTo be "let alone" by God is the most awful condition in which man can find himself. It is ten thousand times better to be poured from one jar to another, like Job, than to be left to drift down the stream, like Ephraim. It is better to feel the weight of God's hand in discipline — for it is a Father's hand — than to live with the sense that He has turned His face away.
- Leaf. Job pictures himself as a blown leaf and dry stubble — a man making no claim to strength of his own.
- Enemy. God's silence made Job think that God counted him an enemy and was charging old sins to his account.
- Charge. The honest cry slides into an accusation, because Job is not yet willing to give up his own righteousness.
- Grace. The self-judgment growing in Job was grace at work, though he could not see it at the time.
- Face. God's hand in discipline is a Father's hand. Fear His turned-away face, not His blows.