and to enlighten all [with the knowledge of] what is the administration of the mystery hidden throughout the ages in God, who has created all things,
Alongside preaching Christ, Paul had a second task: to bring into the open a secret God had kept to Himself since the world began. Commentators ask what its "plan" means, why God hid it in Himself and not in Scripture, and why the verse names Him as Creator.
Older translations use the word "fellowship" here. The ESV says "plan." Writers trace it back to the running of a household.
Second, God gave him the work of enlightening everyone about "the administration of the mystery." The word translated "administration" means "the law, or arrangement, of a house." It is the word our word "economy" comes from. At God's command the Gospel had gone out among the nations. It had brought "those who are of the nations" into the body of Christ and the house of God. That made an entirely new situation. A new "economy," or "house-law," or "administration," had to be set up.
So Paul's task was not only to state the secret but to show how it works out in practice.
He was not simply to enlighten everyone with the truth of the mystery, but with the knowledge of how it is administered. He was to show all people how God works out in time His counsel from eternity to eternity, by forming the Assembly on earth. So he was to bring out in public what had been hidden in God until then, from the beginning of the world.
The light here is for "everyone." That reach goes past the circle of believers.
Besides the side of the mystery that faces the saints, it also applies to all people without distinction — to those outside the Church. Anyone who preaches the gospel must preach Christ. But few understand the kind of grace that joins the soul to Christ as a member of His body, of His flesh and of His bones. This was a main part of Paul's work.
The secret was not buried in older writings, waiting to be decoded.
The passages I have just quoted from Romans 16 and Ephesians 3 prove, beyond all question, that the truth of the one body, made up of Jew and Gentile, was "hid in God" — not hid in Old Testament Scriptures, but hid in God. For certainly, whatever the Scriptures contain is no longer hidden but revealed.
This also shapes what "mystery" means here. It is not just something too deep for the mind to work out.
Notice that this is not called a mystery merely in the sense of something nature or reason could never have discovered on its own. All the revealed truths of the Gospel are mysteries in that sense. But this was a mystery "hid in God" — an unrevealed mystery.
Why did God keep it back so long? One answer ties the timing to Christ's own path.
Such a matter is worthy of the supreme majesty of Him who created all things by Jesus Christ. God held this revelation back until Christ had come, suffered, died, risen and returned to heaven. Only in this way could a Man in glory be Head of His body, the Church. Then He could use a weak, dependent vessel to declare this mystery, and so magnify the great glory of the revelation all the more.
The delay was not indecision on God's part.
The Church... was still no afterthought of His. From the beginning of the world it had been hid in God, who created all things. The One who planned the whole work of creation, and carried out His purpose by His divine power, had kept that wonderful secret hidden in His heart all along. The secret is tied closely to His glory and His counsels about His Son. God chose Paul out of all intelligent creatures to be the first to explain it.
Naming God as the maker of everything shows how large a place this secret holds.
To say it was hid in God would tell us only that it was His secret, told to no one else. But the verse links the secret with Him as Creator. That gives the impression that the church was to hold a very important place in that creation, and that God's full purpose in creation could not come to light until the secret was out.
One writer reads the verse as God's answer to why anything exists at all
If I were asked why God created the universe, I should point to this verse as the answer.
- Hidden — God kept the secret in Himself, not in earlier Scripture. Whatever Scripture contains is already revealed.
- Held back — it was no afterthought. God waited until Christ had died, risen and gone to glory, so that a Man in glory could be Head of His body.
- Handed over — God chose Paul to explain it first, and trusted him not only with the truth but with its house-law, the way it works out.
- Held out — the light is for "everyone," reaching beyond believers to those outside.
- Home — naming God as Creator ties the secret to the whole universe. Creation itself served the purpose God carried in His heart.
in order that now to the principalities and authorities in the heavenlies might be made known through the assembly the all-various wisdom of God,
God's design for the church has an audience in heaven. It raises three questions: what "manifold" wisdom means, who the rulers and authorities are, and why Paul says "now."
The word behind "manifold" appears nowhere else in the Bible. Its picture comes from art.
The word for all-variegated is used only this once in the Bible. It is polupoikilos. Picture a Greek looking at a magnificent painting, a masterpiece of brilliance and design, blending its colours in the most beautiful harmony. This is the word he would use for that varied and yet harmonious combination of colour, with its rich hues and delicate tints, so pleasing to his eye.
Heaven had watched God work long before this.
This mystery of the church was hidden in the depths of His counsels. Until then God had not revealed it, and the church did not yet exist. It is "now" that God makes His manifold wisdom known to the principalities and powers through the church. They had seen His patience, His power, His government. They had never seen a heavenly body of people on earth, united to His Son in heaven.
One writer lists what had to happen before any church could exist.
Creation was the most perfect expression of a Creator's wisdom. But in the forming of the church God displays His wisdom in every form. Before the church could be formed, God's glory had to be vindicated, man's need met, sin put away, death abolished, and the power of Satan broken. The barrier between Jew and Gentile had to come down. Heaven had to be opened, Christ seated as Man in the glory, the Holy Spirit sent to earth, and the gospel preached.
God chose to unveil this wisdom at the moment when everything looked lost.
God, as creator of all things, had shown His wisdom. But this wisdom was still to receive a far more wonderful display. He planned that display in His counsels from all eternity, and only now has He brought it to light. When all His earthly purposes seemed to fail, when Satan seemed to have won, God's manifold wisdom shows itself. It turns this apparent defeat into the crowning victory of His grace.
These watchers are the angels of God, and the lesson runs on earth now. That makes the way we live a serious matter.
Are we living so much in line with God's will for His church that He can point to us as a lesson to the angels of God? That, and nothing less, is God's intention. You certainly cannot escape the responsibility that comes with it by refusing to act on it! God will not wait until we reach heaven to show the heavenly hosts His manifold wisdom through the church. He is doing it now, on earth, while the members of the church are still being called.
Commentators differ over how far our failure belongs in this verse. One says the angels see God's wisdom even in the way God handles our failure.
If we look at the practical state of the church today, we may wonder how the holy angels can see it! But we must remember two things. First, they never die. Much failure is before their eyes today, but they also saw the church as God set it up, in the days of its first love before the failure began. Second, since the wisdom of God is "manifold," they see fresh sides of it in the way God deals with the failure we show, and carries out His purpose despite it.
Another writer says the verse is not about our record at all: "To bring the failure of the assemblies into these verses is to spoil the teaching here." (H J Vine)
The colours show wherever people who share nothing else become one.
There is no fellowship like it. It takes no notice of borders or languages, or of the colour of the skin... What but divine power could fuse people of different nations into one spirit and one mind? All distinctions of class and race disappear as they worship their common Lord. It is sad that divisions, sects and parties spoil this wonderful object lesson to the principalities and powers in the heavenly places.
- Hidden. God kept the church a secret in Himself. Angels had seen His patience, His power and His government, but never a heavenly body on earth joined to His Son in heaven.
- Costly. Sin had to be put away, death abolished, Satan's power broken and the Jew–Gentile barrier removed before one church could exist.
- Many-coloured. The word here appears just once in the Bible. It pictures a masterpiece of blended colour: wisdom shown in every direction at once.
- Watched. The audience sits in heaven. What they see is God turning Satan's apparent triumph at the cross into the crowning victory of His grace.
- Now. It is happening on earth today, not after we reach heaven. That is why divisions among believers spoil the very lesson the angels are reading.