Then king Nebuchadnezzar fell on his face and worshipped Daniel, and commanded that they should offer an oblation and sweet odours unto him.
Moments earlier the king had threatened to tear his wise men limb from limb. Now he lies flat on the ground in front of a young Jewish captive. What was he doing? And why did the honour stop at Daniel, instead of reaching the God who gave the dream?
The king's reaction was real. But it landed on the man in front of him, not on the God who spoke through him.
He became sharply aware that he stood in the presence of the supernatural. Here was a power he had found completely missing in the Chaldeans and his magicians. But, true to his pagan upbringing, he cared mainly about the man who displayed that power. He did admit that Daniel's God was "God of gods and Lord of kings." Yet he gave his worship to Daniel, not to the God in whose name he spoke. So we see here an illustration of Romans 1:25, where the heathen "worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever! Amen."
Commentators differ on how far the king's act went. One weighs the words themselves and finds less than the worship of a god.
The king's own words prove that he did not take Daniel for a god. And Daniel refused any such blasphemy, just as Paul and Barnabas did… Nothing here looks like the sacrifice offered at Lystra. The word translated "oblation" is often and rightly used for "a present," whether the true God or a false one is in view. In the same way, bowing down and worshipping often expressed no more than ordinary respect.
(In the ESV, the older word "oblation" is "offering," and "sweet odours" is "incense.")
The king drew the right conclusion and then acted in a way that showed the truth had not gone deep.
The king could not escape this conclusion… Once Daniel told him his own secret, one conclusion was unavoidable: Daniel's God was above all gods. The confession was remarkable. It owned the supremacy of God in heaven and on earth, and it came close to owning that He knows everything. Yet far as it went, it seems to have touched neither Nebuchadnezzar's conscience nor his heart. Only his mind bowed to the evidence in front of him. It was the same with those in the days of our Lord who believed in His name when they saw the miracles He did (John 2:23).
Had more than his mind been engaged, his behaviour would have been different.
The fact that the king fell on his face and worshipped Daniel, and commanded that an offering be made to him, sufficiently shows that neither his heart nor his conscience had been reached. Heart and conscience at work would have enlightened the monarch as to what was suitable to God.
The king's later record shows how deep this moment went.
He paid Daniel special honour in Daniel 2. In Daniel 3 he ordered his subjects to honour the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego. Neither lasted long. It was only a passing feeling, and like the morning cloud it faded from the king's mind.
The change of posture between the two chapters tells the story on its own.
Then he was on his face in the presence of Daniel, and to fall on one's face is to efface oneself, figuratively speaking. Now he is on his feet and so full of fury that his very face was transformed with savage resolution.
The king on the ground was the visible result of the way Daniel had lived.
And notice another result of Daniel's holy separation… Here is earth's proudest and most powerful king at the feet of a captive exile. What magnificent fruit of faithfulness! It is precious proof that God will always honour faith that rises, even a little, to the height of His thoughts… On that memorable day Daniel saw God's ancient promise come true in himself, as fully as it ever came true: "And all the peoples of the earth shall see that you are called by the name of the LORD, and they shall be afraid of you… And the LORD will make you the head and not the tail, and you shall only go up and not down." (Deuteronomy 28:10, 13)
The honour was public. Its source was not.
But where did Daniel get the power to reveal the king's secret? Verses 17 and 18 supply the lovely answer… Here we have a prayer meeting in Babylon. These dear men were of one heart and one mind… By the grace of God they had decided to walk the holy path of separation, even as captive exiles in Babylon. They met together to pray, and God answered them abundantly.
- Prayer first. The power that floored a king came from exiles praying together for mercy. That prayer meeting in Babylon is where this verse begins.
- Separation next. Earth's proudest king bowed at the feet of an exile who walked the holy path of separation. God honours faith that rises to the height of His thoughts.
- Misdirection. The king's worship stopped at the messenger instead of reaching the Creator. Romans 1:25 names that pattern.
- Words matter. "Worship" here can mean ordinary respect, and "oblation" can mean a present. The king's own words show he did not take Daniel for a god, and Daniel refused such honour, as Paul and Barnabas did.
- Mind is not heart. His confession was remarkable, but only his mind bowed to the evidence. The feeling faded like the morning cloud, as Daniel 3 shows.
The king answered Daniel and said, Of a truth it is that your God is the God of gods, and the Lord of kings, and a revealer of secrets, because thou wast able to reveal this secret.
Moments earlier this emperor had ordered the death of every wise man in his capital. Now he lies face down before a young Jewish captive, calling Daniel's God supreme over all gods and all kings — but what had he really come to believe?
Only one man in the room could judge whether Daniel was telling the truth.
There was no escape for the king from this conclusion. He alone had the dream, and so he alone could test Daniel's claim that God reveals secrets. When his secret was told back to him, the conclusion could not be resisted: Daniel's God was above all gods. The confession was remarkable. It admitted God's supremacy in heaven and on earth, and it amounted to saying that He knows everything.
The king calls Daniel's God "a revealer of mysteries." Scripture gives that word a precise sense:
These examples are enough to show what Scripture calls a "mystery." It may be a dream, a vision, a parable or a spoken prophecy. The key feature is this: what God communicates cannot be understood without a later communication from God that explains the first… A mystery is a secret thing, and it would stay secret if God did not reveal it.
The verse just before shows how the king reacted — and where his confession stopped.
The revelation left him sharply aware that he stood in the presence of the supernatural — a power he had found completely missing in his wise men and magicians. But true to his pagan upbringing, he was mainly concerned with the man in whom the power was shown. He did acknowledge that Daniel's God was "God of gods and Lord of kings." Yet he offered his worship to Daniel, and not to the God in whose name Daniel spoke. So here we see an example of what Romans 1:25 describes: pagans who "worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever! Amen."
Another writer marks the gap between a convinced mind and a touched conscience:
Neither his heart nor his conscience had been reached. Heart and conscience at work would have shown the king what was suitable to God. But if the conscience is not reached, the mind of the king is at least convinced that God is supreme and all-knowing.
Everything hinges on one pronoun. The king can praise a God he has not yet made his own.
So he acknowledged Jehovah as greater than all other gods. But he was not yet ready to give Him his allegiance. He was Daniel's God — "your God." Nebuchadnezzar could not yet call Him "my God." The second step comes in Daniel 3, when the three Hebrews are rescued from the fiery furnace… There is progress there compared with chapter 2. He has come to respect Jehovah, and will not allow anyone to speak wrongly of Him, but still he does not know Him. He is "the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego," but not yet the God of Nebuchadnezzar.
That slow progress has an end. God Himself finished what began here as a passing impression:
So in His mercy God subdued the proud heart of this mighty ruler. He humbled him before Himself, and made him confess His name to everyone in his vast empire. If a record of judgment, it is yet a story of unbounded grace.
The confession came from a king's mouth. One writer traces it back to how Daniel had lived long before:
And notice a further result of Daniel's holy separation. Here we have earth's proudest and most powerful monarch at the feet of the captive exile. Magnificent fruit of faithfulness! Precious evidence of a truth: God will always honour faith that rises, even a little, to the height of His thoughts!
- Separation — Daniel's holy separation came first. The king's confession is the fruit of one man's faithfulness.
- Mystery — A dream stays a riddle until God explains it. What Daniel handed the king came from God, not from a clever mind.
- Proof — Only Nebuchadnezzar knew the dream. When Daniel told it back to him, he could not argue: Daniel's God is supreme and knows everything.
- Partial — He praised a God he did not yet own. He said "your God," not "my God," and he worshipped the messenger instead of the Master.
- Persistence — God did not stop at a convinced mind. He kept working until the proud king confessed His name across the empire.