For the time shall be when they will not bear sound teaching; but according to their own lusts will heap up to themselves teachers, having an itching ear;
Paul has just told Timothy to preach the word. Here he gives the reason: a time is coming when people will not put up with healthy teaching. So who refuses it, why, and what should a preacher do when his hearers have already decided what they want to hear?
The word translated "sound" is about health. One writer points to a familiar English word from the same root:
F. B. HoleIt is worth noting that the word translated "sound" comes up again and again. It is the word from which we get "hygienic," which is so often on people's lips today. It means healthful. Sound doctrine is in every sense doctrine that makes for spiritual health.
The verse does not blame corrupt teachers first. It describes hearers who refuse sound teaching and then pick teachers to suit themselves.
Edward DennettNotice, though, that this corruption begins with the hearers. It is they who "will not endure sound doctrine" (teaching). It is they who "after their own lusts … heap to themselves teachers" to satisfy a diseased and itching ear… Plain scriptural teaching only explains and applies the mind of God as contained in the Scriptures. That is not enough for such hearers. Neither are the teachers whom the Lord sends, since they prefer to "heap" up, to choose, their own.
The people here are not strangers to the message. They have heard it, and they still keep their teachers — but on terms that leave them undisturbed.
Hamilton SmithWhether teachers fail or not, the time will come. The people, "having itching ears", will not endure sound doctrine. Following their own lusts, they will heap up teachers for themselves. This does not describe those who have never heard the truth. It describes Christendom, where people have heard the gospel but will no longer endure it. Even so, they do not give up the Christian profession, for they still heap up teachers for themselves. But those teachers must be ones who will not get in the way of their worldly desires by preaching the truth.
Paul traces the drift to the hearers' own passions. The appetite is what has changed.
Leslie M. GrantNew, sensational things deceive even Christians — things that leave out the sound doctrine of the Word. But notice that this happens because "their own lusts" are involved: it is what the flesh desires. They become like people in love with a diet of wine and pastry, and they turn away from the healthy, solid food of the Word.
An itching ear is a symptom, and what it craves does its own damage:
The Christian's FriendOne danger for Christians at the present moment is the desire for stimulants in teaching… But stimulants are not food. Worse, in the end they create a distaste for it. They only stir the imagination, the intellect, or the nature. They never reach the conscience or the heart. The evidence of this desire is the itching ear (2 Tim. 4:3). Christ, and Christ alone, is the food of His people.
When Paul wrote, this evil had not yet arrived. And some hearers always welcome sound teaching.
William KellyHere the time had not yet come for such widespread evil, but the Spirit of God speaks of it as close at hand: "For the time will be when they will not endure the sound teaching." It assumes people who were used to hearing the truth. But now the truth is hard to swallow, and its sound teaching cannot be endured — a frightful time for men who bear the name of the Lord. Sound teaching is always welcome to those whose desire is to grow in grace and the knowledge of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ.
What does this mean for the preacher? He will not be popular, and he keeps preaching anyway.
The Christian's FriendAnd the result? Timothy would never be a popular preacher… There is no shortage of preachers now, but there is a shortage of those who preach the Word. It is one thing to preach about the Word, and another to preach the Word itself. There is a great danger in trying to please the popular ear. The people's ear is about as false as its voice is uncertain. Happy is the man of God who keeps preaching the Word to the end, when the crowd has turned away and listened to fables.
- Health — "Sound" means healthful. Sound doctrine makes a soul well, so refusing it is refusing medicine.
- Appetite — The refusal comes from the hearers' own passions, not from better arguments. A taste for wine and pastry replaces solid food.
- Choosing — It starts with the hearers. They heap up teachers of their own choice instead of the ones the Lord sends.
- Profession — This happens inside Christianity. People keep their teachers, but only ones who leave their desires untouched.
- Faithfulness — The same times that make a preacher unpopular are the reason to keep preaching the Word. Sound teaching is still welcome to everyone who wants to grow.
and they will turn away their ear from the truth, and will have turned aside to fables.
Paul warns Timothy of a coming day when the problem is not only bad teachers but eager hearers who turn their ears from truth to myths. Who are these people, what are these "myths," and how does someone who once heard the gospel end up preferring stories?
The people in view are not those who have never heard. One writer sets the scene. These people keep the outward form of Christianity while refusing what it teaches.
Hamilton SmithThis is not about people who have never heard the truth. It is about Christendom, where men have heard the gospel but will no longer put up with it. Even so, they do not give up the Christian name. They still pile up teachers for themselves. But those teachers must not preach the truth and get in the way of their worldly desires.
Blame tends to land on the teachers. One writer traces the fault back to what the listener already wants.
Edward DennettNotice that this kind of corruption starts with the hearers. They are the ones who will not put up with sound teaching. They pile up teachers for themselves to suit their own desires and to satisfy a diseased, itching ear... Such hearers are not satisfied with plain teaching from Scripture — teaching that only explains and applies the mind of God as found in the Scriptures. Nor will they have the teachers the Lord sends. They prefer to heap up, to choose, their own... There could be only one outcome. They turn away from the truth and turn to fables, because only fables can feed their unhealthy appetites.
"Myths" here does not mean a story with a helpful moral. Older translations use the word "fables."
Morrish Bible DictionaryIn the New Testament the word does not carry the meaning it often has today: a made-up incident that teaches some moral truth. It means myths, false stories — one passage calls them godless old wives' tales.
The same word appears in Paul's first letter to Timothy. Writing there, one writer names what such stories feed, and the one guard against it.
William KellyImagination is never faith. Faith delights in knowing God and His will, and so trusts nothing but His word... Imagination is where people turn when they do not know the truth. The truth in Christ is the only perfect guard against it.
Commentators differ on the sequence. One reads the shut ear as the opening move:
Hamilton SmithSatan's usual way is to stop the ear from hearing sound teaching first, and then to open it to take in corrupt teaching.
Another notes a reading that runs the other way, drawn from the grammar of the sentence:
William KellyFrom the structure of the phrase, one writer of fine judgment draws this. They have already turned aside to fables, and that is what leads them to turn their ear away from the truth.
They do not just lose the truth. Something takes its place, and the whole inner life shifts.
William KellyHere is the fatal result. Who can measure the dishonour done to God and His word? Who can tell what they lose in their own souls? They are not only cut off from the truth; they now have a real appetite for imaginative falsehood... The conscience is no longer governed by the sense of God's presence. Grace is unfelt, and so the constraining power of Christ's love no longer works. The holy fear of displeasing God disappears.
One writer follows this drift to its end point — the last and greatest fable of all.
James BoydBut the greatest fable that ever existed, or ever could exist, is still to come. That lawless one will bring it in. Christendom is preparing itself today to receive it, and it will fall under its power. The Lord will consume him with the breath of His mouth and destroy him with the brightness of His coming (2 Thess. 2:8).
The verse is given as a reason to keep going, not to stop.
F. B. HoleTruth may look as if it has fallen in the street. The crowd may "turn away from listening to the truth" and "wander off into myths." Still he preaches the Word all the more earnestly and insistently.
- Appetite. The drift starts with what hearers want, not with what teachers offer. The itching ear picks its own teachers.
- Substitute. Myths fill the gap — false stories that feed imagination. And imagination is never faith.
- Sequence. Does the closed ear invite the myth, or does the myth close the ear? Commentators differ. Either way, the two travel together.
- Cost. The end is a real appetite for falsehood. Conscience goes unmoved, grace unfelt, the fear of God gone.
- Answer. The warning is a reason to preach, not to stop. The emptier the ears around him, the harder the servant preaches the Word.