1 Timothy 6:18–19

1 Timothy 6:18 · Darby

to do good, to be rich in good works, to be liberal in distributing, disposed to communicate [of their substance],

Paul has just told Timothy to charge rich Christians not to be proud, and not to set their hope on money but on God. Verse 18 turns that trust into action. It gives four short commands that decide what a Christian's money does.

Four commands, not one

The first two terms sound alike. One commentator draws a line between them: kindness aimed at people, and works that are good in themselves before God:

But God also looks for active good from rich people who are godly, since He Himself never tires of doing good (Acts 14:17). So the call follows: "to do good, to be rich in good works." There is an important shade of difference between the two acts. The first means doing works of kindness or goodness to others. Being "rich in good works" means overflowing with fair, upright works that are beautiful in themselves. The first are good in relation to others; the second are good in themselves. It matters greatly that the two are joined so closely, here and elsewhere. Most people praise the kind that affects man, and forget or belittle what counts for more: what is good in itself before God. Both flow from faith and love, and how acceptable both are!

Modernised from William KellyOriginal wording

The last two terms are "generous and ready to share" in the ESV, and "ready to distribute, willing to communicate" in older translations. The same writer says they reach past emergency relief:

Even this does not express all the generous outgoing of heart the apostle wants the rich to seek. He adds, as if he could not think of the poor enough, "to be liberal in distributing, ready to communicate." I take it that this goes beyond cases of urgent need. Some calls suit people of large means in particular, as in the many different needs of the Lord's work and witness. There are so many chances to promote His glory — and many of them are not the kind one would want to lay as a burden on the whole church!

Modernised from William KellyOriginal wording

The word "share"

One writer follows the word "communicate" through its other uses. Those uses point to a group with a real claim on the giver:

The meaning of this scripture lies on the surface, once you understand the term "communicate." Two examples of its use will be enough. In Romans 12:13 it appears in the exhortation, "distributing to the necessity of saints," and in 1 Timothy 6:18 it appears as "willing to communicate." These two examples make Galatians 6:6 easy to read. What the apostle commands there is that the one who is taught in the word should share his "good things" with the teacher. In other words, the taught should enjoy the privilege of supplying the material needs of the teacher.

Modernised from The Christian's FriendOriginal wording

Another writer rules out softening the word into friendliness. Older Bibles offered "sociable" in the margin, and he says there is "no foundation whatever" for it.

Why a rich person can give

Where a person's trust rests decides whether his hand opens:

Trusting in the living God, who is the Giver of all good, will enable the rich man also to become a giver. But God loves a cheerful giver, so the apostle urges the rich man to be "ready to distribute" and "willing to communicate". Acting this way, he will lay up a good store for future blessing, instead of piling up riches for this present age.

Modernised from Hamilton SmithOriginal wording

Dorcas as the living example

Dorcas was a Christian woman in the book of Acts. One writer sees this verse lived out in her, and traces her giving back to its source:

Dorcas was in the spirit of this exhortation. She was rich in good works, ready to distribute, willing to share what she had; for she had learned "the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that though he was rich, yet for your sake he became poor, so that you by his poverty might become rich" (2 Cor. 8:9); and by that same grace she had become His representative in the world. She was a giver, because God, who had brought her to Himself, was a Giver. She knew she was not her own. She knew that all she had she held only as a steward for Him, to whom she belonged. So she placed both herself and her goods at His disposal.

Modernised from Edward DennettOriginal wording

Spending as investing

Money given this way is not lost. It is moved:

God has given to the rich this means of laying up treasure in heaven in view of Christ's kingdom. It is wonderful that natural riches can, in this way, provide spiritual riches. The poor can also lay up treasure in heaven, for God has chosen the poor to be rich in faith. What is laid up for the time to come will surely be found with Christ in the day of His glory.

Modernised from An Outline of Sound WordsOriginal wording

Summary

- Trust first. Giving starts with where your hope rests. Trusting the living God, the Giver of all good, "will enable the rich man also to become a giver."

- Gift becomes deed. Two kinds of doing belong together: kindness that helps people, and works "good in itself before God." Most people praise the first and forget the second.

- Deed becomes reach. Sharing goes past emergencies to the Lord's work, and includes supporting those who teach you the word.

- Reach has a face. Dorcas gave "because God, who had brought her to Himself, was a Giver" — a steward, not an owner.

- Result is stored. Money spent this way is not lost. It is moved: "what is laid up for the time to come will surely be found with Christ in the day of His glory."

1 Timothy 6:19 · Darby

laying by for themselves a good foundation for the future, that they may lay hold of [what is] really life.

Paul ends his charge to wealthy believers with advice that sounds backwards: the way to store something up is to give it away. Two phrases carry the weight — "a good foundation for the future," and life that is "truly life."

Storing by Giving

The instruction turns ordinary saving upside down. What the rich give away, they are actually storing up.

Here Paul tells the rich believers to lay up in store for themselves a good foundation for the time to come by their generous giving to others. It may not seem like good common sense, but it is the surer way of grace in faith. To be consistent with Christ is to treasure up for ourselves. It is all the better when we do it so that the left hand does not know what the right hand is doing. It is a key truth in Christian practice that our Father sees in secret. It is just as true that we will have reward later with Him who is in heaven.

Modernised from William KellyOriginal wording

The exchange changes what a person ends up owning.

A rich person may use his wealth in the service of God and in the help of His people. So the man who starts out rich in money may end up rich in good works, and this is wealth of a more lasting kind. Earthly riches are uncertain. The man who stores them up for himself may find his store badly depleted just when he needs it most. The man who uses his riches in the service of God is laying up a good foundation of reward in eternity.

Modernised from F. B. HoleOriginal wording

The Time to Come

"The time to come" is not vague. One commentator explains it by comparing the Christian with a shrewd manager in one of Jesus' parables.

The dishonest manager of Luke 16 is an example of this. Our Lord did not approve his dishonesty, but He did approve his prudence. While he had the opportunity, he used it with an eye to the future. The Christian should do the same. But there is this difference. The manager had dreaded days of unemployment ahead of him. The Christian should keep in view the judgment seat of Christ, where everything we have done will be brought into the light of God.

Modernised from W. W. FeredayOriginal wording

Not Buying Salvation

Nothing here says that generosity buys a place with God.

It is no question at all of the grace by which a person is saved, and that entirely apart from works. It is the teaching of that grace which has saved us, leading us to sacrifice all present advantages in view of what is future and eternal.

Modernised from James BoydOriginal wording

The two are easily blurred, and the confusion robs such instructions of their proper force.

When God has saved us, He will keep us, but we have to go through the wilderness, where we have a great deal to learn, including the question of service, and even of rewards, and much more besides. People mix all these things up with the question of acceptance. But as to the crown in front of me, that is not a question of my being saved; it is my encouragement.

Modernised from J. N. DarbyOriginal wording

Life That Is Really Life

Commentators differ on the wording, and many render the closing phrase "that which is really life."

Rich believers are to be godly. They are to bend their energies not toward laying hold of bigger things in this world, but toward laying hold of "eternal life," or "that which is really life." The second reading is probably the correct one. Real life is not found in money and the pleasures it buys, but in the knowledge and service of God.

Modernised from F. B. HoleOriginal wording

Taking hold of it happens now, and it shows in how a believer treats the world.

We lay hold on eternal life as we realise in our souls that we do not belong to this sphere. Everything for us is bound up with the place we are going to. So we learn to see the things of this life very differently from the way we once saw them. We realise that the true life is life in fellowship with God. In the Spirit's power we can then use this world without abusing it.

Modernised from Henry Allan IronsideOriginal wording

What Quietly Drains It

Comfort does not have to be sinful to be dangerous.

Satan is busy, even among Christians, shutting out the things of God. He does it through things that in themselves may not be evil. We are taken up with them and pressed by them, and we have not learned to link them with God and use them for God. Sadly, the secular part of our lives quietly steals away so much of "what is really life."

Modernised from Numerical Bible NotesOriginal wording

Open to the Poor Too

The verse addresses the rich, but the principle is not limited to them.

"Storing up treasure for themselves as a good foundation for the future, so that they may take hold of that which is truly life," is the apostolic instruction about those who are rich in this world. In measure, all may do this, even those who are poor in this world's goods. To lay up treasure in heaven for themselves is the privilege even of the poorest in the church.

Modernised from C. KnappOriginal wording

Summary

- Deposit. Giving is not spending. It moves uncertain money into lasting wealth: the person rich in cash ends up rich in good works.

- Date. The deposit matures at the judgment seat of Christ, not on a rainy day here.

- Free. The foundation buys no salvation. It is grace already received, now teaching us to trade present advantage for what is eternal.

- Real. What we take hold of is "that which is truly life" — fellowship with God, not the pleasures money buys.

- Everyone. The charge names the rich, but laying up treasure in heaven is open to the poorest believer as well.