But *thou*, O man of God, flee these things, and pursue righteousness, piety, faith, love, endurance, meekness of spirit.
Paul has just warned about the craving for money and the ruin it brings. Now he turns to one man, gives him a title from the Old Testament, and tells him to run from one thing and chase another.
The "these things" Timothy must flee are the cravings Paul has just exposed. One writer ties that flight to Timothy's place in the world. (Where the ESV has "steadfastness" and "gentleness," older translations read "patience" and "meekness.")
The desire to be rich was the path of snares and temptation, of foolish and hurtful lusts. Timothy was to flee these things, as a man of God. This is always the thought here. He was in the world on God's behalf. He represented Him in his part of the work. So he was to follow after something other than earthly riches. He was to follow the character of a man of God: righteousness, godliness, faith, love, patience, meekness. These were the things which, in a man, presented God to the world and glorified Him.
The title did not start with Paul. It has a long history and a settled use.
"Man of God" is a phrase that occurs often, from the five books of Moses right through the history books of the Old Testament. It is used again and again of a prophet. It marks him out as a man identified with the interests and character of God in deed and in truth. He can still fail, of course, and then suffer chastening. In the New Testament the phrase appears only in the two letters to Timothy. Here Paul uses it of the man he writes to, to stir him up and warn him. In the second letter it is open to all who, in an evil day, make good in faithful and holy devotedness to God what the title implies.
Another writer looks at the wording, and finds the title is not for men only.
Paul's words "O man of God" are an urgent and very personal appeal. Urgent, because of the need of the hour; and personal, because of the individual responsibility to meet this need. The Greek word for "man" above is without distinction of sex. It should be the character of men and women who are devoted to the Lord Jesus. They love the great truth of the house of God (1 Tim. 3:15).
One writer takes the six words one at a time.
It is not enough to avoid evil. There must be the pursuit of good… However others may act, the man of God will seek to walk in a way that fits his relationships to others as brothers and sisters. This is righteousness… The man of God will also pursue faith that has Christ for its Object. And he will pursue love that goes out to his brothers and sisters. That love bears evil and insults with quiet endurance and meekness, instead of impatience and resentment.
The list is not random. Its first and last items cover the two ends of a person.
Six lovely features hang together like a cluster of fruit. The list begins with righteousness, which always has to be to the front in a world of unrighteousness and sin. It ends with meekness, the very opposite of what we are by nature. Meekness concerns our spirit, as righteousness concerns our acts.
"Godliness" in this verse is also translated "piety." One writer says what it is, and what it is not.
Piety is confidence in the known and living God. That confidence leads the believer to walk in the holy fear of God through all the circumstances of life. It recognises and honours God. So it is the very opposite of a show of holiness that seeks to exalt self.
Paul names these qualities before he calls Timothy to fight. The order has a reason.
Confusion was growing. So the apostle gives the moral features which should mark the "man of God." These features would fit him for the conflict with the power of evil that he cannot avoid. No servant of Christ can hold up the standard of the truth unless the truth has first formed him. If he tries, he will only invite a disastrous defeat. In life, as well as in word, he must be a representative of the Master whom he serves.
These six are not just an ideal. They have all been lived out.
If we are to be men of God, we must flee what draws the men of this world. We must follow what was seen in Jesus here on earth. All these precious moral features shone in their fulness and perfection in the Son of God.
- Flee — the "these things" are the cravings behind the love of money. The man of God runs because he stands in the world on God's behalf.
- Follow — avoiding evil is not enough. The same verse turns the retreat into a pursuit.
- Six — the cluster starts with righteousness, which rules our acts, and ends with meekness, which rules our spirit.
- Formed — the qualities come before the fight, because no one can hold up a truth that has not first shaped him.
- Fulfilled — every feature named was seen in its fulness in the Son of God, so the pursuit is a following of Him.
Strive earnestly [in] the good conflict of faith. Lay hold of eternal life, to which thou hast been called, and hast confessed the good confession before many witnesses.
Paul has just warned Timothy about the love of money, and now he turns him the other way: fight, and take hold. Behind both commands stand a call Timothy received and a confession he made in public, and commentators ask how a life already given can still be grasped.
The charge does not start with battle. It starts with the character of the man sent into it.
As the confusion grew, the apostle gives the moral features that should mark the "man of God." These would fit him for his unavoidable conflict with the power of evil. No servant of Christ can hold up the standard of the truth unless the truth has formed him. If he tries, it will only end in disastrous defeat. In life, as well as in word, he must represent the Master whom he serves.
"The faith" here means more than Timothy's own trust. The same writer takes it as the body of truth handed to the saints.
The good fight of faith is contending earnestly for the faith once delivered to the saints. That means the truth which had been spread among the saints and received by them. So the faith is the thing believed. But remember: without faith at work in the soul now, this fight could not be won. Otherwise, however earnest the argument, "the faith" might be nothing more than a dead creed.
Another writer traces the fight to the enemy's presence.
Meanwhile there was conflict: he must fight the good fight of faith. If anyone represents God in the world, there must be warfare, because the enemy is there. Faith's energy was also needed to lay hold of eternal life among the temptations and difficulties that the "things that are seen" bring.
If eternal life is a gift, why command a man to seize it? One commentator separates having it from entering into it.
This life is a personal possession. So the command does not mean obtaining eternal life; that is the gift of God. You must lay hold of it in faith, enter into it and enjoy it. Many have eternal life, but what they need is a practical laying hold of all that it implies and all that goes with it.
Another writer makes this a matter of where you believe you belong.
We lay hold on eternal life as we realise in our souls that we do not belong to this sphere. Everything for us is tied to the scene we are going to... We realise that the true life is life in fellowship with God. In the Spirit's power we can then use this world without abusing it, walking as Christ walked, who alone fully showed eternal life in this scene of death.
The command comes right after the warning about money. One writer pictures Timothy refusing to let go of his catch.
Timothy was to lay hold of eternal life, and let nothing shake his prey loose... The world around him was content to take its portion in this life, and many through the love of it had wandered from the faith (v. 10). But Timothy was to flee this as he pursued eternal life. Faith knew its object from the word of promise; and Timothy was to embrace it at every cost.
The command rests on something God did first — a call. One writer says plainly what that call is not for.
Our calling as Christians is a high calling, holy and heavenly. Like Abraham, we are to be pilgrims and strangers while we wait for all that God has promised us. God has not called us to present ease and the enjoyment of the world's pleasures. He has called us to conflict with the powers of darkness, and to the present enjoyment of heavenly things.
Timothy had said something publicly, and Paul brings it back to mind. One writer notes how little visible support such a confession has.
But it is hard indeed to keep up a profession contradicted, as far as sight goes, by everything in us and around us... Timothy had confessed a good confession before many witnesses, and he needed reminding of it. And so do we. For we so easily forget that we are what we are in hope.
The confession is meant to show in conduct, not only in words:
If the man of God flees from evil, follows good, fights for the faith and lays hold of eternal life, his life will make a good confession before others. He becomes a living witness to the truths that he professes.
- Formed first. No one can hold up the standard of truth unless the truth has shaped him. Character comes before conflict.
- Fight. The good fight is contending for the faith once delivered. It is unavoidable: whoever represents God stands where the enemy is.
- Lay hold. Eternal life is God's gift, already yours. The command is to enter it, enjoy it and live it.
- Called. God did not call us to ease and the world's pleasures. He called us to fight the powers of darkness and to enjoy heavenly things now.
- Confess. A grip that outlasts the world's portion shows itself in a life that witnesses to what the mouth professes.