1 Chronicles 12:8–15

1 Chronicles 12:8

And of the Gadites, there separated themselves to David in the stronghold in the wilderness mighty men of valour, men fit for the service of war, armed with shield and spear; whose faces were [like] the faces of lions, and who were swift as the gazelles upon the mountains

David is hiding in a wilderness stronghold, and men from Gad leave Saul's side to join him there. The verse lists what these fighters were like, but the harder question is what made them leave home for him.

Separated to David, away from Saul

Two words describe the men who gathered to David: separated, and committed.

The Gadites, courageous men of war, separated themselves to David. The children of Benjamin and Judah committed themselves to David: "We are yours, David, and on your side, son of Jesse." Separation to David meant standing with him and his interests, and turning away from Saul and his interests. That was a very serious and deliberate decision to make. Commitment to David meant they accepted his complete control over them. These two features are indispensable for an army. Soldiers who have no interests but those of their commander in chief, and who are loyal to his commands, make up an army that will be formidable in battle.

Truth & Testimony

Separation was not the end of their usefulness but the start of it:

Separated to David, they were ready for the service of David. It is the same in 2 Timothy 2. Those who are separated to the Lord, and call on Him together out of a pure heart, are ready for His service — "sanctified and useful to the Master."

H J Vine

What the shield, spear and lion-faces picture

The verse's details describe fighters suited to close combat.

They could engage in hand-to-hand combat with the enemy, being vigorous and fast, as is right in such a situation.

H. L. Rossier

Another writer traces these qualities back to the step they had already taken:

The first notable feature in the sons of Gad was that they were a separated company; they had gone out, not come in… In their separation they found strength, courage, skill, boldness, eagerness. These are the qualities of a heart separated to Christ. Before any of these qualities show in action, they must cross the Jordan while it is overflowing its banks (v. 15). They had to pass through death before they could serve!

Scripture Quarterly

God's power in men who had settled for less

Gad's territory lay east of the Jordan — outside the land itself. That background makes their devotion more surprising, not less.

Remember that the Gadites had received their inheritance on the other side of the Jordan. So did the Reubenites and half the tribe of Manasseh. They had chosen what suited themselves and their flocks (Numbers 32), instead of the land flowing with milk and honey… They had sunk far below the height of their calling. That is exactly why it is so remarkable that God was still working in power among them… For David's sake they had abandoned home and everything, and were ready to endure hardship, as good soldiers of the host of God.

The Christian's Friend

The river that stood in their way

They reached David in the season when the flooded river was at its worst.

They lived on the far side of the Jordan. That river was as impossible an obstacle as in the days when the people arrived opposite Jericho. "These are the men who crossed the Jordan in the first month, when it overflows all its banks" (v. 15). This time they needed no miracle to pass over. They knew the Jordan had already given way before the people of God. Strong in the conviction of faith, they overcame this obstacle to join the one who drew them like a loving sovereign.

H. L. Rossier

The loyalty David valued most

David needed lion-faced soldiers. But one writer sets them beside Mephibosheth, the crippled son of Jonathan, who could fight for no one.

David needed such men, for he was a man of war. But he was also a man with a great and tender heart, and he valued devotion to his person above everything else. Who can say that the crippled son of Jonathan did not give him more pleasure in the long run than the fearless veterans of his old guard?

J. T. Mawson

Summary

- Separated — going out to David meant going out from Saul. The choice of a side comes first.

- Strengthened — courage, skill, boldness and speed grow out of a separated heart. They are not credentials that earn a place.

- Crossed — the flooded Jordan stood between Gad and David. They knew the river had already given way before God's people, and faith carried them over.

- Surprising — these men had once settled for less than their calling. That is what makes God's power among them so striking.

- Sought — David wanted warriors, but he prized devotion to himself most. The lame man who could not fight may have pleased him more than his bravest veterans.

1 Chronicles 12:9

Ezer the first, Obadiah the second, Eliab the third,

Commentary for this verse has not been generated yet.

1 Chronicles 12:10

Mishmannah the fourth, Jeremiah the fifth,

Commentary for this verse has not been generated yet.

1 Chronicles 12:11

Attai the sixth, Eliel the seventh,

Commentary for this verse has not been generated yet.

1 Chronicles 12:12

Johanan the eighth, Elzabad the ninth,

These are two of eleven Gadite captains who left home to join David while he was still a hunted man. Why does God count and rank men whose only recorded deed is that they came?

The Tribe Behind the Names

These captains came from a tribe that had already chosen badly about where to live. That makes their loyalty to David stand out.

Remember that the Gadites had received their inheritance on the other side of the Jordan, along with the Reubenites and half the tribe of Manasseh. They had chosen what suited themselves and their flocks (Numbers 32), instead of the land flowing with milk and honey... So they had sunk far below their calling. That is exactly why it is so striking to see that God was still working in power among them.

The Christian's Friend

Separated, Then Strong

These men were strong, fast and skilled fighters. But something came before all of that: they went out to David instead of waiting for him.

The first thing to notice about the sons of Gad is that they were a separated company. They had gone out, not come in... These separated sons of Gad were men of might and of war. They could handle large shields and small ones. Their faces were like the faces of lions, and they were as swift as gazelles on the mountains. Their strength, courage, skill, boldness and readiness were all found in that separation. These are the qualities of a heart separated to Christ.

Scripture Quarterly

The River They Had to Cross

A flooded river lay between these men and David. No miracle parted it this time.

They lived on the far side of the Jordan, and that river blocked them just as it had blocked the people when they arrived opposite Jericho... This time no miracle was needed to let them cross. They knew the Jordan had once given way before the people of God. Sure of that in faith, they overcame the obstacle and reached the man who drew them like a loving king.

Henri L. Rossier

Why Each Man Is Numbered

The eighth is not the seventh, and the ninth is not the eighth. That exact order runs through the Bible's lists of servants. One writer sees the same hand at work in every one of them.

...one of those sample pages from the book of eternity, where the finger of God has written the names of His servants and the record of their work... Each one has his own special place on the roll, and each one his place in the Master's heart. It will all come to light one day. Among David's mighty men we have "the first three," "the three" and "the thirty." Not one of "the thirty" ever reached a place among "the three."

C. H. Mackintosh

The Meaning Hidden in the Eleven

The names themselves carry meaning. One writer points to where the list ends.

You may find it worth digging out the meaning of the eleven names given here. Except for the last, they all speak of grace and the work of the Spirit. The last one means a "cloak." Every company on earth has its flaw, and perhaps its traitor — even the group of twelve disciples did.

The Christian's Friend

Men Who Backed a Rejected King

The moment matters as much as the men. They attached themselves to David before he had a throne.

The leading men in this list joined David while he was a fugitive and an outcast (1 Chron. 12:1-22). We are told where they came from (1 Sam. 22:2). It is one of many cases of God taking up the men others despised and lifting them high.

The Bible Treasury

What David Valued Most

Fighting ability was not the whole story with David. One writer sets these soldiers beside a lame man who could do none of it.

David needed men like these, for he was a man of war. But he was also a man with a great and tender heart, and he valued devotion to himself above everything else. Who can say that the crippled son of Jonathan did not give him more joy in the long run than the fearless veterans of his old guard?

J. T. Mawson

Summary

- Separated — the Gadites went out to David instead of waiting for him. Their strength, courage and skill were found in that separation.

- Crossed — a flooded Jordan stood between them and their king. Faith carried them over it with no miracle.

- Despised — they joined a fugitive. God takes up the men others despise and lifts them high.

- Named — Johanan is eighth and Elzabad is ninth. Each man has his own place on the roll, and no one else can hold it.

- Loved — David needed fighters, but what he valued most was devotion to himself.

1 Chronicles 12:13

Jeremiah the tenth, Machbannai the eleventh.

Commentary for this verse has not been generated yet.

1 Chronicles 12:14

These were of the sons of Gad, captains of the host one of the least was over a hundred, and the greatest over a thousand.

This verse ends the list of eleven men from Gad who crossed over to David while Saul was still hunting him. It ranks them by strength — so what makes one man count for a hundred others, in the service of a king the nation has not yet crowned?

Who These Men Were

These eleven were fighters built for the warfare David's exile demanded. One writer notes both their fitness and their quickness to acknowledge David:

They could fight the enemy hand to hand, being strong and swift, as that situation called for. These men of Gad, whom we have seen already so careful about the genealogy that joined them to God's people, are quick to acknowledge this people's leader.

H. L. Rossier

The Measure of an Officer

Some older translations read the line as command rather than comparison: the least over a hundred, the greatest over a thousand. One writer takes that ranking into the Christian life, and ties the difference to how far a believer lets the Spirit work:

The Christian soldier in whose soul the truth produces a clear energy in life and ways becomes, to a greater or lesser degree, an "officer" in the Lord's army. He is a captain of a hundred or of a thousand according to how far the Spirit acts in him without hindrance. The power of Christ within him influences other Christians in the ways of the Lord.

H Forbes Witherby

One commentator writes about Jashobeam, the chief of David's captains, and traces both usefulness now and honour later to one thing:

The true secret of Jashobeam's success was his attachment to David, whose rejection and sufferings he shared... Our service for the Anointed of God now may have something distinctive about it, as the kingdom rewards will later. But faithful and fruitful service results only as the love of Christ constrains us to cleave to Him.

H J Vine

Power Where You Would Not Expect It

Gad's tribe had made a poor choice long before David's day. That history is what makes this list of officers striking:

They had chosen what suited themselves and their flocks (Numbers 32) instead of the land flowing with milk and honey. The eyes of the Lord their God rested on that land always, from the beginning of the year to the end of the year. So they had sunk far below the height of their calling. For that very reason it is all the more remarkable that God was still working in power among them... For David's sake they had given up home and everything, and were ready to endure hardship, as good soldiers of the army of God.

The Christian's Friend

Valiant and Yet Earthbound

Strength in battle is not the same as full possession of what God gives. One writer finds three classes of people in Christendom pictured in Israel. He puts these Gadite officers in the second class:

In the profession of Christianity there are three classes of people, and Israel gives the picture of them. Two and a half tribes settled east of the Jordan and refused to live in the place God appointed for them. These represent true saints of God, but saints who refuse to take a heavenly position while on earth... Second: those who are true believers, and often very valiant for the truth when they find it attacked (1 Chr. 12:14-15, 37), but who fail to reckon themselves heavenly men on earth, and who are, as a result, earthly-minded to some extent.

James Boyd

The praise and the warning stand together. These men were a real help to David, and they still lived on the wrong side of the river.

What Made Them an Army

Their value to David rested on a decision made before any battle:

To be separated to David meant separation to him and his interests, and separation from Saul and his interests. A very serious and deliberate decision to make. To be committed to David meant acknowledging his complete control over them. These two features are indispensable for an army. Soldiers who have no interests but those of their commander in chief, and who are loyal to his commands, make up an army that will be formidable in battle.

Truth & Testimony

Summary

- Separated. Each officer first cut ties with Saul's interests and took David's. That decision, not their record, made them an army.

- Strong. They were fit for close combat and fast movement, and quick to acknowledge the leader God gave His people.

- Graded. They were not equal. Influence in the Lord's army grows as far as a believer lets the Spirit act without hindrance.

- Rewarded. Distinction in service now and honour in the kingdom later both flow from cleaving to Christ, as His love constrains us.

- Warned. A man can be valiant for the truth and still earthly-minded. Yet grace works in power even among those who settled for less than God offered.

1 Chronicles 12:15

These are they that went over Jordan in the first month, when it overflows all its banks, and they put to flight all [them] of the valleys, toward the east and toward the west.

Commentary for this verse has not been generated yet.